Negotiation & Conflict Resolution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Arrangement and Conflict Resolution - Essay Example One late case of contention and arrangement in the political world is the fractional shutdown of the US government. The contention started from absence of agreement on policy driven issues however destroyed the political as well as the social and monetary texture of the US. The essential gatherings to this contention were President Obama with the Democrats on one side and the Republican House of Representatives on the opposite side. The issue emerged on October 1, 2013 during a spending conversation meeting in the Congress because of a difference over a specific medicinal services change law. The Republicans were not for passing the changed medicinal services law and anticipated a deferral or nullification in the enactment. Yet, President Obama carefully affirmed that he needed the bill to be passed clean and with no corrections or pointless deferrals. The subsequent harmony between the gatherings drove the Republicans to pronounce an incomplete shutdown of the administration tasks i n the US. This essential issue of the human services change bill additionally got caught with another imperative issue in regards to the obligation roof for government borrowings. Obama mentioned an unwinding of the obligation roof as the cutoff time for the equivalent was drawing closer soon, for example on October 17, 2013. Not broadening as far as possible would prompt a financial stalemate as the country will be not able to reimburse its obligations and clear its bills. This would influence the US economy as well as the worldwide economy and the optional gatherings, for example, the budgetary offices, financial exchanges, government laborers and overall population. The 16-day-long stalemate in the US was principally conceived out of an arrangement gridlock over the spending bill in the administration financial plan. President Obama had recommended the consideration of a human services change law, Affordable Care Act, which offers a scope of social insurance and government assist ance offices for the US residents. However, the Republican-drove House of Representatives wouldn't pass it and demonstrated aims to cancelation or postpone it by the range of a year. They required a House-Senate Conference Committee to determine the issue. In any case, the Democrats declined to this thought, saying that the House was simply attempting to concede the new medicinal services law utilizing the appearance of the spending procedure. Inferable from this uncertain clash, the House pronounced a halfway shutdown of the administration on October 1. While the Republicans demanded a postponement in the usage of the social insurance change, Obama stayed ardent on his position that â€Å"Obamacare† is non-debatable and that he needed a â€Å"clean bill† without any conditions or alterations. (CNBC, 2013) This shutdown exceptionally before long raised an alert among the optional gatherings to the contention. Money Street authorities communicated their anxiety over the current shutdown and the future possibility of a budgetary default. The US government was quick moving toward its obligation roof of $ 16.7 trillion which it was going to hit on October 17 (Jackson, 2013). James Clapper, Director of the US National Intelligence, imparted to the media his grave feelings of trepidation with respect to the extreme effect of the shutdown on their capacity â€Å"to bolster the military, to help strategy, and to help the policymakers.† (Cornwell, 2013). Attributable to the shutdown, 70% of the government knowledge work force had been sent on unpaid leave. Lloyd Blankfein, Chairman and CEO of the Goldman Sachs Group, secured over the adjusted and maybe increasingly basic issue of a monetary default emerging from the shutdown. Saying that America had seen a point of reference

Ap Human Geography Green Revolution

For the more noteworthy portion of the twentieth century and the beginning of the 21st century, The Green Revolution has taken off as the crucial end world appetite. It demonstrates that people have the ability to â€Å"engineer crops† and change the manner in which they develop and how manageable they are. It changes the idea of horticulture all in all. The Green Revolution is what's to come. Executed effectively, and it may be the answer for our food gracefully issues. Utilizing safe alterations and seeking after further endeavors in look into is one way we can proceed on the way of the Green Revolution. Likewise, executing and refining ideas that we know have worked in the past can take into account progressions and increasingly conspicuous outcomes. In numerous nations, because of shortage of land, ranchers practice twofold trimming. This takes into consideration two yield seasons a year. The main issue with this is there would need to be two rainstorm, on regular and the other â€Å"artificial. † India, which has discovered progressively effective wellsprings of food after their scandalous Bengal Famine, has been one of the primary nations to show a drive in the green unrest. By utilizing hereditary qualities to make HYVs, or High Yield Value seeds, they have had the option to guarantee outside recognition and produce crops with expanded feasibility. Agribusiness is the biggest utilizing industry on the planet. The Green Revolution will keep that number high in view of the measure of sidelong offices and asset plants that are associated with farming. Regardless of cutoff points, for example, missing the mark concerning requests and worldwide usage, the Revolution has indicated colossal outcomes that show high possibilities for the street ahead.

Vascular Plants and Coal Age Flora

Vascular Plants and Coal Age Flora The Rhyniophyta is the most crude gathering of vascular plants and has all the earmarks of being the first to the greater part of the significant divisions of vascular plants. These plants date from the Silurian around 425 million years back and got wiped out in the Devonian around 380 million years prior. Rhyniophyta generally is one of the most straightforward vascular plants in structure and is seedless and leafless. The Rhyniophyta had the particular leading tissues xylem and phloem as present day higher plants do. Rhynia is presumably most significant plant in this arrangement. Rhynia developed from extended rhizome, was occupant of swamps, had various horizontal branches (to 18 cm) and stomata, and its examples demonstrated first sign of injuring by bugs through infiltrating wounds, likely by arthropods. I am not extremely secure with how they got terminated, yet before the finish of the Devonian, the primary seed-framing plants had showed up quickly. This fast appearance of such huge numbers of seed plant gatherings (called the Devonian Explosion) may have caused the termination of crude vascular plants, Rhyniophyta. Likewise there were environmental change and space rock sway that may influence the eradication in the Devonian. The Coal Age Flora is supplanted by cone-bearing gymnosperms (the principal genuine seed plants) and by the main genuine greeneries. Pteridophytes, lyciphytes, and progymnosperms-these increasingly unpredictable gatherings dated from the late Devonian through the Carboniferous, from around 375 to around 290 million years back. The Coal Age plants incorporate Lycophyte trees, Calamites, greeneries and seed plants. For the significant plant in this vegetation, I would state Lycophyte tree which is the prevailing tropical coal swamp plants. It developed to statures of 10 to 35 meters and was inadequately stretched. As the swamplands evaporated and the atmosphere started to change close to the finish of Carboniferous, it disappeared practically for the time being. Question 2 Gymnosperms are crude seed plants. They are pollinated by wind, and their seeds are uncovered, instead of being encased inside natural products. The word gymnosperm alludes to exposed seed. The soonest gymnosperms showed up in the Paleozoic and turned into the prevailing plants worldwide all through the vast majority of the Mesozoic until around 100 million years prior. Mesozoic period comprises of the Triassic, the Jurassic, and the Cretaceous. Early attributes of gymnosperms were apparent in fossil progymnosperms of the time around 380 million years back. The significant certainty of gymnosperms is their seed. All seeds comprise of an undeveloped organism, put away nourishment, and a seed coat secured by the integuments. Living gymnosperms contain 4 phyla: the Pinophyta, or the Coniferophyta (Conifers), the Ginkgophyta (Ginkgo), the Cycadophyta (Cycads), the Anthophyta, and the Gnetophyta (Gnetum, Ephedra, Welwitschia). Conifer is the most inexhaustible gathering of gymnosperms that is as yet living with around 7 families and around 600 species. Conifer is a woody plant and most are evergreens. The leaves of conifer are long, flimsy and needle-like, for example, pine. The seed greeneries (Pteridospermales), the Cordaitales (crude coniferlike plants) and the cycdeoids, or Bennettitales are gatherings of terminated Gymnosperms. Bennettitales comprised of plants with palmlike leaves and looks like the living cycads. Bennettitales are a confounding gathering of Mesozoic gymnosperms that vanished during the Cretaceous. During the mid-Mesozoic, fertilization of some wiped out gatherings of gymnosperms was by terminated types of scorpionflies that had specific proboscis for benefiting from fertilization drops. In the Cretaceous, gymnosperms decay became pinnacle and afterward wiped out simultaneously there was the ascent of angiosperms, otherwise called blossoming plants. Question 3 Angiosperms, known as blooming plants, showed up at any rate 125 million years prior in the Cretaceous time frame, Mesozoic time. The phylum got bottomless in many plants of the world inside 30 to 40 million years and has stayed prevailing from that point forward. Angiosperms establish the phylum Anthophyta. Two biggest classes of Anthophyta are the Monocotyledones and the Eudicotyledones. Blooming plants vary from other seed plants in some one of a kind qualities, for example, the nearness of endosperm in the seeds. Other unmistakable qualities of Angiosperms are shut carpels, twofold treatment prompting endosperm development, stamens with two sets of dust sacs, and the nearness of strainer tubes and companinon cells in the phloem. Potential explanations behind their prosperity might be different adjustments for dry spell obstruction, including the development of the deciduous propensity, and the advancement of proficient and specific components for fertilization and seed dispersal. Different elements that may have affected its conveyance and achievement can incorporate the fertilization associations with increasingly particular gatherings of creepy crawlies and creatures. Angiosperms are pollinated by numerous sorts of pollinators, for example, honey bees, creepy crawlies, butterflies, and wasps. The honey bees particularly have the best impact on development of angiosperms blossoms. Honey bees are the most particular and consistent of blossom visiting creepy crawlies. Hummingbirds, hawkmoths, and bats are additionally gatherings of creatures that visit and fertilize the plants, however eat loads of nectar of the blossoms with the goal that plants need to deliver more nectar. While creepy crawlies and creatures can convey dust more noteworthy good ways from plant to plant, wind fertilization is the most ideal path for singular plants to become together in a huge gathering. The most punctual notable blooming plant is Archaefructus, as of late found in China. It has slim roots, dismembered leaves, and flower tomahawks with shut carpels above, and shut stamens beneath, as the attributes of angiosperms. Question 4 Ordinary plants have Haplodiplontic in their life cycle. Develop greeneries have sori underside of their leaves. By meiosis, spores are created in the sporangia. Every spore sprouts without anyone else and becomes gametophyte. In the lower surface, develop gametophyte makes juvenile antheridium which creates a sperm, and youthful archegonium which delivers an egg. When there is sufficient water and the sperm is developed, the antheridium blasts and discharges the sperm into archegonium where the sperm and the egg treat. By treatment, zygote starts to partition quickly, turning into a youthful incipient organism. The youthful incipient organism develops and separates without anyone else into the grown-up sporophyte, before long acquiring sustenance by photpsynthesis. When the youthful sporophyte grows in the dirt, the gametophyte breakdown. Pine trees have two sorts of branch: one with dust bearing cones (male) and one with matured ovulate cones (female). Each size of the male cone bears a microsporangium which later creates microspore mother cells. By meiosis, microspore mother cells produce quadruplicate of microspores that form into dust grains which are made by prothallial cells, tube cells, and generative cells. Dust grains sprout to create sperm. Female cone has two stripped ovules in ovuliferous scales, yet has no ovary. There is megaspore mother cell in the ovule and by meiosis it is separated into 4 megaspores. Every megaspore develops and becomes archegonia with two egg cells. At the point when the dust grains are moved by wind to the female gametophyte, the sperm swims into dust cylinder and spans to the egg. After preparation, the ovule develops and turns into the seed. While the undeveloped organism is created, the suspensor which associates the endosperm to an incipient organism breaks down. The pine seed, made up of an undeveloped organism, seed coat, and put away nourishment, is finished. The noteworthy similitude of greenery and conifer is that they duplicate spores and the two of them experience preparation and meiosis. The huge distinction is that conifers are heterosporous, while greeneries are homosporous. Likewise conifers have the gametophyte in life cycle though plants have the sporophyte. The noteworthy resource of life cycle with seeds is that dust needs no uncommon condition to arrive at the egg since creepy crawlies, creatures or climate (normal pollinators) can support fertilization, while seedless plants need soggy condition since they can't prepare in dry zone. The huge resource of life cycle without seeds is that they can recreate without anyone else, not relying upon others. Plants with seeds can't treat if there is a deficiency of pollinators. Work Cited Rhyniophyta. (2010, May 5). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Recovered 13:30, July 25, 2010, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rhyniophytaoldid=360330161 Geologic time scale. (2010, July 22). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Recovered 13:31, July 25, 2010, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Geologic_time_scaleoldid=374824571 Gymnosperm. (2010, July 12). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Recovered 13:32, July 25, 2010, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gymnospermoldid=373096484 Conrad, Jim. Last refreshed 09.8.29. 7:54:52 . Page title: Gymnosperms. Recovered from The Backyard Nature Website at http://www.backyardnature.net/gymnos.htm. Blooming plant. (2010, July 21). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Recovered 13:35, July 25, 2010, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Flowering_plantoldid=374748990 angiosperm. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2008. Encyclopedia.com. (July 25, 2010). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-angiospe.html

The Do This, Get That Guide On Global History Essay Topics

The Do This, Get That Guide On Global History Essay Topics History papers can have a while to write. Perhaps you still have to understand more about the way to compose a history paper. Or the paper might concentrate on medical discoveries, like the polio vaccine or penicillin. It is an impossible task to write a great history paper if you write about something you find boring and don't care about whatsoever. Global History Essay Topics: the Ultimate Convenience! Anyway, it ought to attract your readers' attention, and thus it ought to be brief and right to the point. It's important to select debatable argumentative essay topics as you need opposing points that you are able to counter to your own points. In the event you can't find your subject here, don't hesitate to have a talk with our staff and put an order for a customized history essay on your distinct subject. The subject for discussion ought to be manageable, i.e. you ought to be in a position to explore this issue in the most detailed way based on the quantity of pages you need to write. Global History Essay Topics at a Glance Deciding on the most suitable essay topic can at times be rather tough. You have the ability to also deal essays that will will help you repair your future. Your essay should begin with the introduction. It should go short and concise. Being a complicated job, essay writing is related to many mistakes students have a tendency to make. Thus, writing a history paper will surely be fun, if you only pick a really intriguing history essay topic. As you start to learn about the essay writing process it's important to provide time to your writing. If you don't find out how to compose a thematic essay, there's always a means out we can write an essay for you. The One Thing to Do for Global History Essay Topics You just need to place an order on the site and you'll make certain that you get the history papers you desire. Afterwards, the greatest action to do is to narrow the subject down according to the guidelines supplied by your professor. You have to do lots of investigating to find superior information on the chosen topics. Kindly note our service isn't confined to developing extended essay history topics. The Hidden Secret of Global History Essay Topics The best way to success requires a lot of time and ener gy. When seeking to write like an expert writer you would like your work to look its finest. The writing process is going to be a pleasure, and your reader will delight in reading your bit of academic writing. When writing any essay on the subject of world history, there are quite a lot of opportunities available to students to pick wonderful suggestions to base their work on. The Number One Question You Must Ask for Global History Essay Topics You don't need to find super technical with legal argumentative essays, but don't forget to do your homework on what the recent laws about your favorite topic actually say. Below, it is possible to also locate a list of good topics that you are able to use if you like them. This list should provide you a few suggestions to get you started. Write a list of ideas you've got or a list of things you're interested in. The essay body is the principal part. The creation procedure may be overwhelming, and whether the topic isn't interesting enough, students may have a difficult time finishing on time. An essay is mainly targeted at activating educational and cognitive activity. A thematic essay is a significant portion of the education practice. The Debate Over Global History Essay Topics Narrowing down a specific era Once you've got a concept of the nation you want to write about, you will then have to decide on a specific era in that nation's history. For instance, you may desire to speak about a specific revolution, war, or other event, together with various critical leaders. This topic implies discussing the part of the country in the formation of a nation's history, and the part of the larger idea (in this instance, religious) in forcing the nation to take a specific direction. Moreover, their effect on the culture and history of America. Introducing Global History Essay Topics The first thing you'll have to realize when attempting a paper in world history is the value of the questions that you ask. Per haps you simply do not know the subject well enough, and that's the reason you cannot locate the idea for your history essay. The ordering procedure to receive your captivating and unique world history essay topics is pretty straightforward. Regardless of this, you'll still have to write about history. The Little-Known Secrets to Global History Essay Topics When you understand such differences you can greatly enhance the caliber of your content easily. Anyway, our customer support representatives are offered on a 24-hour basis. Look into the terms by itself and make sure that chronological order is adhered to. Making certain of the access to information on your favorite topic can help save you lots of trouble later on.

Fashion Career Purpose Essay - 1292 Words

Growing up, I dreamt of getting a job that I enjoy so much that it would feel like I was not working. It is imperative that the career I pursue satisfies both my internal and external needs. I do not want to settle for anything other than a job that I love. During my junior year in high school, I created a fashion-inspired blog. Since I enjoyed watching celebrities on the red carpet, and segments discussing trends and personal styles, I wanted a different platform where I can write and discuss my own views. I curated a fashion-inspired blog on Tumblr where I wrote pieces of what I thought was stylish and trendy. Having a blog combined two of my greatest interests: fashion and writing. Since I enjoy writing stories and reviews, especially†¦show more content†¦Since she knew I had an interest in fashion, she asked a favor of this local boutique owner if I can walk around and get a feel backstage. Being around professionals in a real working environment made me realize this is what I want to do. The environment was fun and everyone seemed to enjoy what they were doing. I have always strived to land a job that I would enjoy greatly that it would not feel like work. Besides the work experience, I also gained new skills like communication and multitasking. I got the chance to ask the designer and stage workers questions, and they even let me help with multiple tasks. This was not a temporary phase and I wanted to transform my hobby into a future career and find a job in the fashion industry. Having a career in the fashion industry will offer the job benefits that are essential to me. The working environment is fun and fast paced. No two days are ever the same since the industry is always changing. There will be many learning opportunities and adventures. Since this job is not one you sit in a cubicle, experiencing dull days are a rare. In this field, the ability to get promoted in position is a high possibility. The higher rank means the chance to move for the job or travel. Getting to travel can spark creativity through experiencing the fashion around the world and the culture. Exposure to different perspectives contributes to the entire learning experience. Another importantShow MoreRelatedThe Fashion Of Fashion Blogs1530 Words   |  7 Pagesï ¼Ë†Introductionï ¼â€° This essay will argue that fashion blogger became one of the Fashion icons in this generation. At the beginning of the essay, I will explain the purpose of use fashion blogger as the topic; introductio n of the society environment will be given as a support to identify the influence of fashion bloggers. After that fashion blogger’s historical and background will use SWOT analysis to conclude the environment of blogger, then I will discuss how blogger relate to fashion marketing with exampleRead MoreGay, Latino, And Macho By Albert Serna Jr. And The Essay, Masculinity As Homophobia Essay1109 Words   |  5 Pages In the article â€Å"Gay ,Latino ,and Macho† by Albert Serna Jr. and the essay â€Å"Masculinity as Homophobia† by Michael S. Kimmel, the authors both address how Masculinity and Homophobia are both effect by the gender scripts that are established by institutions. However, Kimmel and Serna bring light upon the issues in different manners. Kimmel states that Masculinity is a mental burden upon men who are unable to truly express themselves without being seen by society as a â€Å"sissy, untough, uncool† (KimmelRead MoreWriting An Argumentative Essay - Writing801 Words   |  4 PagesThroughout my lifetime I have had to write numerous amounts of essays and papers for various subjects, all requiring different styles and techniques. Before engulfing myself into the writing process I would try and think of whom I am writing to and what I am writing about. I always just assumed I was writing for my audience, that being my teacher. Writing an argumentative research paper is something I had yet to accomplish in my college career. Not only was it thought provoking but this paper challengedRead MoreLiterature : The Definition Of Literature1302 Words   |  6 Pagesthem (Eagleton, 8). I believe that literature is any type of writing or text that has been written with some kind of intention and has a purpose to the reader. This may seem extremely broad because everything in the written language was written with some kind of intention, so this would include things like the manual for a television, the McDonalds’ menu, an essay written by a world-renowned researcher, a short story, and a novel. Many would oppose of this because they would not think that a manualRead MoreEssay on The Values, Ideals, and Actions of Fanny Fern1162 Words   |  5 PagesParton, but she used the pseudonym in all her legal affairs and with members of her family. Similar to Mark Twain in the sense that the pen names became more closely associated with the writers than their real names, Fern, like Twain, wrote satirical essays, sketches, and novels about the shortcomings of American society. For twenty-one years Fern reminded people that America needed to work on it problems with li terature, education, prisons, prostitution, venereal disease, family planning, divorce, educationRead MoreAngela McRobbie’s Analysis of Jackie and why the Magazine has Seen a New Found Popularity in Recent Years1400 Words   |  6 PagesThis essay will be exploring Angela McRobbie’s analysis of Jackie and why the magazine has seen a new found popularity in recent years. Jackie was a popular British weekly teenage girls’ magazine published by Scottish company D.C. Thomson which was published from 1964 up until 1993. It was named after the children’s author Jacqueline Wilson who worked for D.C. Thomson at the time. The magazine was most popular with girls in the age range of 10 to 14. Before Jackie made its debut, magazines aimedRead MoreHow Accounting Is A Profession887 Words   |  4 Pagesentire career that is contrary to the notion of businesses being around solely for profit. He said that the â€Å"primary purpose of business is to make peopleâ₠¬â„¢s lives better†. I had never thought of business that way, I had always perceived it as providing a service for customers but you are actually making their lives better while providing that service. In this essay I will discuss how things I learned in this class helped guide my future career choice. The first big question on deciding a career in accountingRead MoreWrite Cpa Exam Essay1048 Words   |  5 PagesTechnical Writing. Friday: 5:30 - 9:30 P.M. SUBJECT: CPA Essay Writing Formula TO: Alexander Luther, CPA candidate FROM: Azim Jivani, CPA DATE: February 18, 2011 It has been brought to my attention that the current CPA exam has gone through some changes primarily in the writing section. â€Å"To earn points for a written communications question, candidates must read a description of a situation or scenario, and must write a document that relates or responds to that scenario† (CPA). 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Graff’s purpose is to portray to his audience that knowing more about cars, TV, fashion, and etc. than â€Å"academic work† is not the detriment to the learning process that colleges and schools can see it to be (198). This knowledge can be an important

Female Composers And Performers Were Not Very Common

Clara Schumann Female composers and performers were not very common. If you look back on famous composers, you will find that there are mostly male composers. Out of the shadows of the males, came in very known composer. Her name was Clara Schumann. Not only was she a composer, but she was also a famous pianist. Clara started piano at a very young age. A big part of Clara’s life was her family. She was a very brilliant composer and pianist, and that is why we remember her today as one of the most famous composers. Clara Wieck Schumann was born on September 13, 1819 in Leipzig, Germany. Clara’s parents were Friedrich Wieck and Marianne Wieck. She had two brothers, Alvin and Gustav. The name Clara means bright or shining. As soon as Clara†¦show more content†¦Robert and Clara became very fond of each other, and asked Friedrich if he could marry Clara. Friedrich refused and did all he could to keep them from getting married. The couple filed lawsuit, and won. Clara and Robert got married on September 12, 1840. They had eight children, and their names were: Marie, Elise, Julie, Emil, Ludwig, Ferdinand, Eugenie, and Felix. Clara Still kept performing, even without the support from her husband. Robert too was a composer, but Clara played many of his works for him because he could not perform them due to a hand injury. Robert became very aggressive and depressive and was sent to an institution. Clara was left all alone to take care of the kids. Clara was not allowed to visit Robert a t the institution, she depended on friends to visit him and sent her letters about how he was doing. It wasn’t until the end of his life that she was finally able to visit him. This is what she wrote about her time with him: He smiled at me and embraced me with great effort, because he could no longer control his limbs. Never will I forget it. For all the world s treasures, I wouldn t exchange this embrace. My Robert, that s how we have to meet again. With what effort I had to search for your beloved expressions. What a picture of pain (Out of the Shadows†¦). Robert suffered from a mental illness and died in 1856. Four of their kids also died before Clara did. Clara focused her music career on Robert s pieces

afaet Essay Example For Students

afaet Essay questions about what you want to understand better about the past. 1) Identify the broad historical topic that you want to write about. Dont be afraid to think big at first!You topic can be taken from any number of the themes, events, or concepts that we read about or discuss in-class. For example, you might explore an issue that is addressed in lecture in greater depth, such as racial segregation in the military during WWII, conservative responses to the New Deal, or the use and support of art and culture by the state during the 1930s. You might explore a specific angle on a particular historical event that we discuss, for example, the response of the U.S. communist party to the Nazi-Soviet Pact, the responses of particular trade unions to the Taft-Hartley legislation restricting the tactics of labor organization, the local responses in Seattle to the Japanese bombing of Pearl Harbor, to Japanese internment, or the impact of the McCarthyism at the University of Washington. Finally, you might explore subjects that are only touched upon briefly, in greater depth, for example, the changing role of women during WWII, the persecution of homosexuals during the cold war, the intellectual origins of neo-conservatism in the 1950s, the F.B.I. investigations of the civil rights and anti-Vietnam War movements, or the role of music in 1960s protest culture. These are just a few examples, meant to give you ideas. The point is to develop your own!2) Using the library, find one or more than one primary source that you will use to develop your argument. As you will notice, class lectures use many primary sources. Primary sources are visual media, such as paintings, cartoons, films and advertisements. They can also be written documents, such as newspapers and magazines, as well as letters, memoirs, diaries, or government records. For example, the lectures and the web-links use clips from early war movies and propaganda films, protest cartoons from the black press, magazine covers advertising Roosevelts Four Freedoms, paintings of the black migration, and so on. We are also reading articles and speeches of government officials and notable intellectuals that do such things as defend U.S. entry into WWII, justify or challenge the use of the atomic bomb, warn of leftist subversion in the government, or criticize policies of the Cold War. What you must do is to find and choose the sources around which you can develop your historical argument. Ask yourself what kinds of sources might best illuminate your topic. Once youve found a source, or sources, ask yourself what they tell you. Why these particular sources? What makes them significant? What do they say to you?3) Write a short thesis statement that gets you started. The thesis statement is the argument that you want to make, using the primary source(s) you have found. Your thesis statement should not be a simple restatement of the broad topic you have chosen. Rather it should be a much narrower explanation of what you propose to say about a particular aspect of the topic youve chosen. What angle are you going to pursue? What hypothesis about the past will you attempt to prove or demonstrate? What is your tentative argument going to be?You thesis statement might need to be changed as you pursue your research. Think of it as a starting point.

Mark Cuban Essays - Marketing, E-commerce, Direct Marketing

Mark Cuban I. Situation Analysis 1. Background The Faith Mountain Company has experienced a great deal of success since opening in 1977. What Cheri and Martin Woodard began as a local store that sold herbs, related products, and antiques has slowly evolved into a major mail-order catalog company and retail store that develops, manufactures, and markets high-quality gifts, apparel, and home accessories. In 1991, Faith Mountain was still a relatively small company with less than 50 employees. However, sales have been steadily increasing for Faith Mountain, as they went from about $1.2 million in sales in 1987 to just over $5 million in 1991. In 1991 The Faith Mountain Company set for itself the overall goal of $25 million in annual sales by 1995, with $10 million coming from sales from the Faith Mountain catalog, $5 million from the retail division, and $10 million from the acquisition and development of another catalog company. Reaching these goals will have implications in all areas of operation, including expansion, human resour ces, marketing, and finance. 2. Industry Overview The Faith Mountain Company operates in the specialty mail-order industry. According to a study by Arnold Fishman of Marketing Logistics, the total mail-order sales in the United States in 1990 topped $200 billion, with consumer mail order at $98.2 billion. Of the consumer mail order, $40.7 billion was spent on services; $44.5 billion was spent on specialty merchandisers, and $13 billion on products from general merchandisers. Total mail order sales for 1990 reflected 10.1 percent of general merchandise sales, 3.2 percent of retail sales, 2.1 percent of consumer services, and 1.8 percent of gross national product for the year. On a per capita basis, Americans spent an average of $393 on mail-order purchases in 1990. Specialty mail-order vendors, such as The Faith Mountain Company, have a substantially greater share (77 percent) of consumer mail-order product sales than do general merchandising mail-order vendors such as J.C. Penney (23 percent). As credit card companies offer new inducements and incentives to customers who shop by mail, it is anticipated that shopping by mail will become more prevalent. However, third-class postage rate increases and the placement of taxes on mail-order goods in some states may have a negative affect on the mail-order industry. 3. Business Unit Analysis The Faith Mountain Company develops, manufactures, and markets high-quality gifts, apparel, and home accessories, distributing through use of two business units, the mail-order unit, which distributes catalogs four times per year and provided the bulk of the 1991 total sales with about $4.7 million in revenue, and the retail-store unit, which had revenues of nearly $300 thousand. Both units operated under the same premise, that they achieve competitive advantage by providing customers with superiority in merchandise, quality, and service. Faith Mountain gained superiority in merchandise by seeking exclusive marketing rights for products and by moving more towards private labeling. High standards of quality were provided to customers because Faith Mountain manufactured about 20 percent of its merchandise, which means they could customize and personalize products to an individual customers needs. Superior service was being achieved in the mail-order division by implementing a system designed to answer 90 percent of all customer service inquiries within the first two minutes, and service operators were authorized to do whatever it took to keep customers happy. However, pricing was also a priority to Faith Mountain, as customer service policies included guaranteed lowest prices. The retail store featured the same product lines as those in the catalog, but not all items from the catalog were sold in the store, and about 20 percent of the store merchandise was not offered in the catalog. Also, the retail store benefits substantially from the catalog, as the stores sales revenue and traffic increases after the release of a new catalog. Because the Faith Mountain Company is relatively small, the Woodards were able to successfully supervise nearly all facets of both the retail division and the mail-order division without much difficulty. However, with the Woodards intending to open another retail store and increasing their customer bases with the mail order division, they may have to rely on middle management to overtake some of the duties that they had previously handled. 4. Buyer Analysis The Faith Mountain Company had a specific target market in

An Explanation of Dependency Theory in Sociology

An Explanation of Dependency Theory in Sociology Dependency theory, sometimes called foreign dependency, is used to explain the failure of non-industrialized countries to develop economically despite investments made into them from industrialized nations. The central argument of this theory is that the world economic system is highly unequal in its distribution of power and resources due to factors like colonialism and neocolonialism. This places many nations in a dependent position. The dependency theory states that its not a given that developing countries will eventually become industrialized if outside forces and natures suppress them, effectively enforcing dependency on them for even the most basic fundamentals of life. Colonialism and Neocolonialism Colonialism describes the ability and power of industrialized and advanced nations to effectively rob their own colonies of valuable resources like labor or natural elements and minerals. Neocolonialism refers to the overall domination of more advanced countries over those that are less developed, including their own colonies, through economic pressure, and through oppressive political regimes. Colonialism effectively ceased to exist after World War II, but this didnt abolish dependency. Rather, neocolonialism took over, suppressing developing nations through capitalism and finance. Many developing nations became so indebted to developed nations they had no reasonable chance of escaping that debt and moving forward. An Exampleof Dependency Theory Africa received many billions of dollars in the form of loans from wealthy nations between the early 1970s and 2002. Those loans compounded interest. Although Africa has effectively paid off the initial investments into its land, it still owes billions of dollars in interest. Africa, therefore, has little or no resources to invest in itself, in its own economy or human development. Its unlikely that Africa will ever prosper unless that interest is forgiven by the more powerful nations that lent the initial money, erasing the debt. The Decline of Dependency Theory The concept of the dependency theory rose in popularity and acceptance in the mid to late 20th century as global marketing surged. Then, despite Africas troubles, other countries thrived despite the influence of foreign dependency. India and Thailand are two examples of nations that should have remained depressed under the concept of the dependency theory, but, in fact, they gained strength. Yet other countries have been depressed for centuries. Many Latin American nations have been dominated by developed nations since the 16th century with no real indication that that is about to change. The Solution A remedy for dependency theory or foreign dependency would likely require global coordination and agreement. Assuming such a prohibition could be achieved, poor, undeveloped nations would have to be banned from engaging in any sort of incoming economic exchanges with more powerful nations. In other words, they could sell their resources to developed nations because this would, in theory, bolster their economies. However, they would not be able to purchase goods from wealthier countries. As the global economy grows, the issue becomes more pressing.

Company Analysis - Google Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Company Analysis - Google - Essay Example After an initial humble beginning with a small start up capital the company grew by leaps and bounds to presently emerge as one of the leading brands of the world with financial strengths that matches the likes of industry players like Apple and Microsoft. The company’s stocks are listed on the bourses of the NASDAQ. Google has a diversified product portfolio that ranges from search engines to software applications, browsers and mails. The main reason for the success of the organization has been attributed to the highly innovative approach of the organization as well as the strategy of the company to keep its products as simple and highly efficient. In addition to this certain other strengths of the organization also includes a unique algorithm for its search engine operations that provides quick and accurate response to web users without any hassles (Google, n.d.). Diversification Strategy of Google Google has a wide array of product offering that range from web browsers to s ocial networking sites and video sharing. The company has diversified into many segments in an attempt to leverage the benefits of the opportunities of the different product segments. The company began its operations with the search engine division. It diversified into the online video sharing and viewing segment by acquiring You Tube which was acquired by the company in 2006 for a whopping 1.8 billion US dollars. The company got a good response as it became the most popular video sharing site across the world with about 150 minutes of video added every hour. However the diversification strategy of Google of entering into this segment has been questioned by many researchers as they feel that the segment only increases the number of uses and adds to the popularity. However the fact that the segment generates only 240 million dollars as revenue towards an expenditure of about 500 million to 1 billion dollars raises serious question over the sustainability of this segment in the long r un. This is mostly because of the fact that every video is free for viewing and there are very few advertisements on the site (Grant, 2009, p.827). The company went further ahead in its diversification plans and announced the launch of its new browser named ‘Chrome’. This browser was launched in 2008 and was increasingly seen as an attempt by Google to throw a competition to its main rival Microsoft which launched the internet web browser ‘internet explorer 8’. The company stated that this product would have the aspect of simplicity and would ensure a complete blend of innovation with simplicity. The company claims that this browser would allow faster access to information and would have better security features and would be compatible with the latest web platforms. Experts however state that the main reason behind this diversification strategy of Google was that the new version of the internet explorer launched by Microsoft had certain protective elements that would delete the cookies which in turn would not allow Google to track down the browsing habits of the users. This was a vital issue for Google as its entire advertising and search engine business model was based on the aspect of tracking users browsing habits. Google believed that the simple nature of the product and its appeal and brand image among the target audience would largely help in giving Microsoft a run for its money. Google also announced that it would launch an operating system that according to experts was a

Kodak and Fujifilm Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Kodak and Fujifilm - Essay Example The company has been slow in responding to the digital revolution. George Eastman started commercial production of dry plates as early as 1888 in New York (Schaede, 2008). He formed Eastman Company in 1888 and later transformed it to Eastman Kodak in 1892. The first brownie Camera was introduced in 1900 while the first motion picture film was launched in 1929. The first digital camera was introduced in 1975 with the capability of capturing black and white images with a resolution of 10,000 pixels. Eastman Kodak ventured in the video market in 1984 with the Kodavision series 2000 8mm video system. In 2003, Kodak Easyshare printer dock 6000 was launched to produce borderless 4 by 6 inch prints. In 2011, the company began shopping its 1,000 digital-imaging patents and experienced a downgrading of its debt ratings. In January 2012, the company announced plans to realign its business operations in order to cut costs but later in the month it filled bankruptcy protection in order to boost cash position and stay in operations. The profits and sales of Eastman Kodak have been eroding since 1990s due to foreign competition from Fujifilm. Eastman Kodak core business is divided in to three business segments that include digital and filming systems for consumers, professionals and entertainment industry (Schaede, 2008). The second business segment is the commercial imaging group that consists of aerial, graphic, micrographic, inkjet printers, scanners and digital printing equipments that target industrial, banking and insurance markets. The third business segment is health imaging that caters for medical films, processing equipments and chemicals (Schaede, 2008). On the other hand, Fuji Photo Film Ltd was founded in 1934 and is headquartered in Tokyo, Japan. Fuji Film prides itself of continuous technological innovations since the company spends almost 7 percent of its sales towards research and development activities. Fuji Photo Film was established as part of the governm ent plans of establishing a local photographic film industry. Ashigara factory began operations immediately by producing photographic print papers, dry plates and photosensitive materials. The company entered the US market in 1965 and diversified to Europe the following year (Schaede, 2008). In 1983, Fuji acquired 51 percent of the shareholding of Chiyoda medical company in order to boost its medical photography and imaging business segment. In the 1990s, the company made several acquisitions and entered markets such as Hong-Kong, China and German. In 2003, an Enovation Graphic system was established in the US and acquired Arch Chemical, Inc currently known as the Fujifilm Electronics materials Co, Ltd. The company acquired Avecia inkjet limited and Problem solving concepts, Inc in order to boost imaging information systems business segment in the US. The company entered in Dubai in 2010 and also acquired endoscopy products in Turkey to boost its sales promotions. FujiFilm launched light production color system for on-demand printing in 2012. Fujifilm core business is divided in to three business segments that include imaging solutions, information solutions and documents solutions. Imaging solutions segment consists of electronic imaging, color films, color chemicals and papers, labs and photofinishing equipments. Information solutions business segments consist of medical systems, graphic systems, industrial products, optical devices and recording media (Schaede, 2008). The document

Carpet-Weavers Morocco - Journal Assignment Essay Example for Free

Carpet-Weavers Morocco Journal Assignment Essay Im sure that all of you have at least heard of, if not seen the famous carpets of Morocco. You must have also heard things like, What fine craftsmanship!, What fabulous designs and prints!, What a work of art! or What fine skill!, from people who purchase these carpets for huge sums of money for the various purposes such as praying, decoration etc. But have you ever taken a moment to think, of the origin of these carpets, of the person who sits up day and night weaving these carpets which are sold for thousands, but what does he get out of this and so on, well if not, then Im sure that after reading this, all these questions will be answered. In case you didnt know, Morocco is a relatively poor country and most of the carpets woven there, are all hand-made and are woven by children, children like me who are forced to weave due to unfortunate circumstances. Like me there are hundreds of others who have to live the same unfortunate lives for the same reasons. Let me give you a brief outline of what it is like to be a carpet weaver. Firstly, you have to wake up at five in the morning and get dressed. Everybody is allowed is five minutes in the showers, which is just about enough because the water is ice cold and it takes you just that long to g et used to the temperature of the water. After that, we have a so-called breakfast, if thats what you would call it, which is absolutely tasteless and seems stale. After that, we immediately get to work and start weaving. Thread by thread and knot by knot, we have to be really careful and focused, and should there be any mistake, we can hope not to see the sun for a couple of days, at minimum that is! We have to work constantly until ten at night, when we quickly eat dinner, which is just as bad as breakfast, if not worse and then go to sleep, hoping that tomorrow will be a better day and we will be freed from this life of misery, but then, every morning, it starts all over again, the same torture, the same shouting voices of the slave drivers and the same miserable life. You might wonder, what may lead one to have to live such a life at such a small age, the answer lies deep within our backgrounds and circumstances. Ive been weaving ever since I was seven years old, till today, when Im thirteen. Before this, I used to live with my family, we werent so rich but we were surviving. There were six of us, me, my two brothers, my sister and my parents. All of us used to go to a small school in the nearby village. My mother was a vegetable seller and my father was a drunkard who had a small job at a toothpaste factory. Then one day, due to excessive intake of alcohol, he passed away. His death really didnt make much of a difference, as he was no good anyway, but still, we were slightly affected financially. Then one day, a rich merchant came to our village, and started offering all the children jobs and promised that he would pay us huge sums of money, if we worked at his factory. Without thinking twice, I took the job and I was taken away to a far away place to work at his factories. Had I known what lay ahead, I would have never gone with him, but at the time, we needed money and I felt that this was the best opportunity. We were immediately taken away to a deserted and remote area where there was no way of contacting anyone. We were told to do as he said, and our families would be kept happy. I never the money that had been promised, instead, all I got was a gloomy place to work, eat and sleep, the merchant kept on telling me that he was sending my family the promised money, but after knowing the reality of this place, I doubt my family ever saw a fraction of what was promised, and I also doubt that they are alive right now. As you clearly saw, I was tricked into working here and once I was in, there was no way out; I had no choice but to work at the factory, because the merchant said that there was no place to go from here and if anyone tried, they would be killed. The first of my days here were very hard, when I first started learning how to weave, I made many mistakes, but quickly learnt and became perfect. Everyday here is like hell, maybe worse. How I long to outside and play like a normal child. I want to go to school and learn and become someone and do good for humanity, but instead, my life is wasted here, weaving carpets forever. I feel pity for the younger children who have just arrived. They all seem really scared as they are very young and have no idea of whats going on and what their lives are about to become. We have to toil hard and work till late at night and finish at least three carpets in five days, or else we dont get dinner. You have to really focus all your attention into the weaving and sometimes we get so lost into the weaving, that we lose track of time; its as if, were in another world, much different from this one and that helps to focus more and eases the pain a bit. When weaving, you have to be very careful, for just the slightest mistake could ruin the entire carpet. I feel I have become like a pale shadow of my former self, before, I was carefree and happy with my family, but now, I feel scared and I am uncertain about my future; I dont know what will happen to me after the merchant finds no use of me, or will I spend my entire life here just sitting and weaving? There are hundreds of unanswered questions and queries in my mind and Im sure that most of us feel the same way as me scared and uncertain. Everyday is a struggle and every minute is torture. We arent allowed to talk or stop working and if we do, the slave drivers shout at us and sometimes even whip us and theres nothing we can do, for we have no choice as nobody knows of the merchants tyranny and more importantly, nobody cares. At night, when I lie down on the hard and cold floor and try to sleep, I pray and hope that tomorrow will be something else, something better, but it never happens, everyday is the same, hell. I sometimes wonder, the cruel merchant exploits lots of children every week and brings them here and makes them weave carpets. He then sells them for thousands, while all we get are a few scraps in the name of food. He commits such horrible sins and yet enjoys his riches and lives lavishly, while we have toil and struggle; I ask myself, What have we done to have to suffer such a life of suffering and misery? Why wont God answer our prayers? Where is he? Why does the merchant enjoy his life to the fullest extent? Is this the justice of God? Has evil truly oppressed good? Why?, Why?. But, I soon realize that there is no point in asking these meaningless questions, because the merchant will still get richer, while we suffer. I feel that the government should do something about this and so should the people who buy these carpets for thousands, they should think of us and how we are suffering. The merchant is exploiting us and using us as an unpaid workforce; he is abusing our rights and we are suffering. He has to be stopped from his exploitation at any cost because this way millions of children are separated from their families and are sent to far away lands to live a life worse than hell. The so-called Human Rights Organization, should do something to free us from this prison. But then again, I doubt that anything will happen. Some people might set out to do some investigations, but they will probably give up or be bribed by the extremely rich merchant, a case will be filed and will keep on circling the government departments and will soon be forgotten underneath a huge pile of papers, while we will continue to live in this hell

Characteristics of Dolphins Essay -- Exploratory Essays Research Paper

Characteristics of Dolphins The majority of small tooth whales are called dolphins.   â€Å"Dolphins are mammals of the order Cetacean and the families Plantanistidae and Delphinidae and include about 50 species† (Internet 1).   Most dolphin species are about 6 feet in length, the males averaging 4 to 8 inches longer than females. The longest dolphin, the bottle-nose dolphin, can reach over nine-feet in length and weight up to 440 pounds. The smallest dolphin species is the buffalo which is found in the Amazon River. The Buffalo dolphin rarely grows over 3.9 feet or weighs more than 66 pounds. A dolphin’s diet consists mainly of herring, mackerel, and sardines. â€Å"Some species however, prefer squid, shrimp and other crustacean† (Gygax 585). The average amount of fish ingested is estimated at about 66 pounds a day for an individual dolphin about 8.2 feet and 220 pounds. The body of a dolphin is sleek, smooth and hairless, making the skin rubbery to the touch.   Most species have jaws that protrude into a beak like snout.   â€Å"Above the upper jaw is a large mass of fat and oil-containing tissue forming the so-called "melon" that looks much like a bulging forehead† (Internet 1). The dorsal fin on the mid-back of the dolphin contains the skeletal remnants of five digits that form the flippers. Dolphins use the dorsal fin primarily as stabilizers, although occasionally in an oar like fashion.   The dorsal fin is formed from subcutaneous dermal tissue and is not movable by muscle action.   The hind flippers consist of a pair of small pelvic bones, deeply embedded in the connective tissue at the base of the tail.   The caudal, or tail, fin is also primarily dermal in origin, rather than skeletal, and con... ... the rough-toothed Dolphin, the Bottlenose Dolphin, the Atlantic White-Sided Dolphin, the Pacific White-Sided Dolphin, the Common Dolphin, the Spotted Dolphin, the Striped Dolphin, and the Black Dolphin (low, rounded dorsal fin; no beak; dark pigmentation; limited to the coastal waters of Chile.) Sources Cited Gygax, Lorenz. â€Å"Evolution of Group Size in the Dolphins and Porpoises: Interspecific Consistency of Intraspecific Patterns.† Behavioral Ecology. Vol. 13, No. 5 (Sept 2002): 583-590. Hamilton, Healy, et al. â€Å"Evolution of River Dolphins.† The Royal Society. California: 549-555. Internet 1 http://www.thedolphinplace.com/facts.html <http://www.beach-net.com/dolphins/biology.html> <http://www.liscannorferry.com/dolphin_jewelry-1.html> <http://thedolphinplace.com/main.html> <http://laws.fws.gov/lawsdigest/marman.html> Characteristics of Dolphins Essay -- Exploratory Essays Research Paper Characteristics of Dolphins The majority of small tooth whales are called dolphins.   â€Å"Dolphins are mammals of the order Cetacean and the families Plantanistidae and Delphinidae and include about 50 species† (Internet 1).   Most dolphin species are about 6 feet in length, the males averaging 4 to 8 inches longer than females. The longest dolphin, the bottle-nose dolphin, can reach over nine-feet in length and weight up to 440 pounds. The smallest dolphin species is the buffalo which is found in the Amazon River. The Buffalo dolphin rarely grows over 3.9 feet or weighs more than 66 pounds. A dolphin’s diet consists mainly of herring, mackerel, and sardines. â€Å"Some species however, prefer squid, shrimp and other crustacean† (Gygax 585). The average amount of fish ingested is estimated at about 66 pounds a day for an individual dolphin about 8.2 feet and 220 pounds. The body of a dolphin is sleek, smooth and hairless, making the skin rubbery to the touch.   Most species have jaws that protrude into a beak like snout.   â€Å"Above the upper jaw is a large mass of fat and oil-containing tissue forming the so-called "melon" that looks much like a bulging forehead† (Internet 1). The dorsal fin on the mid-back of the dolphin contains the skeletal remnants of five digits that form the flippers. Dolphins use the dorsal fin primarily as stabilizers, although occasionally in an oar like fashion.   The dorsal fin is formed from subcutaneous dermal tissue and is not movable by muscle action.   The hind flippers consist of a pair of small pelvic bones, deeply embedded in the connective tissue at the base of the tail.   The caudal, or tail, fin is also primarily dermal in origin, rather than skeletal, and con... ... the rough-toothed Dolphin, the Bottlenose Dolphin, the Atlantic White-Sided Dolphin, the Pacific White-Sided Dolphin, the Common Dolphin, the Spotted Dolphin, the Striped Dolphin, and the Black Dolphin (low, rounded dorsal fin; no beak; dark pigmentation; limited to the coastal waters of Chile.) Sources Cited Gygax, Lorenz. â€Å"Evolution of Group Size in the Dolphins and Porpoises: Interspecific Consistency of Intraspecific Patterns.† Behavioral Ecology. Vol. 13, No. 5 (Sept 2002): 583-590. Hamilton, Healy, et al. â€Å"Evolution of River Dolphins.† The Royal Society. California: 549-555. Internet 1 http://www.thedolphinplace.com/facts.html <http://www.beach-net.com/dolphins/biology.html> <http://www.liscannorferry.com/dolphin_jewelry-1.html> <http://thedolphinplace.com/main.html> <http://laws.fws.gov/lawsdigest/marman.html>

Brand Essence Colgate Essay

The company chose for this assignment is Colgate. Colgate is a division of the Colgate-Palmolive brand that produces soaps, detergents and oral hygiene products. Colgate focuses on oral hygiene and is a maker of toothpaste and toothbrushes. Started in 1806 by William Colgate as a soap and candle company. When William died in 1857, his soon took over. In 1837, Colgate introduced their first toothpaste and was the first to introduce toothpaste in a tube. In 1928 Palmolive-Peet bought Colgate and in 1953 the name changed to Colgate-Palmolive (Colgate-Palmolive, 2012). Today Colgate is one of the leading manufacturers of toothpaste, with Procter & Gamble as their main competition. Competitive Factor While in 1992 Colgate was the leader in oral hygiene products, toothbrush competitors emerged as the obsession with oral health increased. Colgate has several big competitors that produce products that are potentially more advanced or incorporate mouthwash into toothpaste, creating new features. The pairing of Crest with Scope lead to competition for Colgate. The pairing of Oral B with dentists gave them the dentist recommendation lead. (Priestley, 2011) Consumer behaviour is constantly changing, and new technology is emerging, therefore competitors might be offering promotions. Environmental Factor Customers are finally starting to get informed about oral health and the importance of gum disease. Colgate has to be informed and constantly innovate themselves with new technologies in order to keep up with customer knowledge and needs. Other countries are also unaware of the importance of oral health, therefore the company should target them in order to become the leader in oral care. A social challenge is the market is growing with competitors and as research on oral care increases, so do the people’s expectations and needs. There is many family demographics, therefore the company should have products for people’s different needs, such as sensitivity, gums, whitening. The products should also range from child oral health to elderly sensitivity. A technological challenge for Colgate is the lack of interesting advertising. There is much more advertising in media for Crest, Sensodyne and other competitors. They use commercials, print ads, social media to attract their consumers, where as Colgate uses few advertisements and has commercials that are seen as boring. Competitors also have a diversity of products and variety for individual consumer needs. Crest and Aquafresh have developed foaming gel toothpastes that are new and different, while Colgate still lacks these new additions. A legal challenge for Colgate is its past history with a recall in 2011 (Health Canada, 2011). The company recalled the â€Å"Colgate Motion Electric Toothbrush†, which was a recent event. This could affect the company’s reputation and drive the consumers to look at other competitors when choosing their products. Consumer Factor While the bargaining power of buyers is low, consumers are becoming more aware of the importance of oral health and the leading competitors present. After the 1990s the baby boomers became concerned with their gums, therefore toothbrush companies improved their technology and formed alliances with dental professionals (Priestley, 2011). As customer demands grow and they seek variety in their toothpaste and toothbrushes that are up to par with oral health research, Colgate might have to update its products and technology. Economical Factor The industry is broken down by price and by category of therapeutic and cosmetic. If the economy shifts and the country experiences inflation, it will impact the businesses running and the product (Ali, 2012). With the current poor economy in many countries, sales might decrease, or customers might choose cheaper competitors in order to compensate.

Discussion and Examples of Expectation States Theory

Expectation states theory is an approach to understanding how people evaluate other people’s competence in small task groups and the amount of credibility and influence they give them as a result. Central to the theory is the idea that we evaluate people based on two criteria. The first criterion is specific skills and abilities that are relevant to the task at hand, such as prior experience or training. The second criterion is composed of status characteristics such as gender, age, race, education, and physical attractiveness, that encourage people to believe that someone will be superior to others, even though those characteristics play no role in the work of the group. Overview of Expectation States Theory Expectation states theory was developed by American sociologist and social psychologist Joseph Berger, along with his colleagues, in the early 1970s. Based on social psychological experiments, Berger and his colleagues first published a paper on the topic in 1972 in the American Sociological Review, titled Status Characteristics and Social Interaction. Their theory offers an explanation for why social hierarchies emerge in small, task-oriented groups. According to the theory, both known information and implicit assumptions based on certain characteristics lead to a person developing an assessment of anothers abilities, skills, and value. When this combination is favorable, we will have a positive view of their ability to contribute to the task at hand. When the combination is less than favorable or poor, we will have a negative view of their ability to contribute. Within a group setting, this results in a hierarchy forming in which some are seen as more valuable and important than others. The higher or lower a person is on the hierarchy, the higher or lower his or her level of esteem and influence within the group will be. Berger and his colleagues theorized that while an assessment of relevant experience and expertise is a part of this process, in the end, the formation of a hierarchy within the group is most strongly influenced by the effect of social cues on the assumptions that we make about others. The assumptions we make about people — especially who we dont know very well or with whom we have limited experience — are largely based on social cues that are often guided by stereotypes of race, gender, age, class, and looks. Because this happens, people who are already privileged in society in terms of social status end up being favorably assessed within small groups, and those who experience disadvantages due to these characteristics will be negatively assessed. Of course, its not just visual cues that shape this process, but also how we comport ourselves, speak, and interact with others. In other words, what sociologists call cultural capital makes some appear more valuable and others less so. Why Expectation States Theory Matters Sociologist Cecilia Ridgeway has pointed out in a paper titled Why Status Matters for Inequality  that as these trends perpetuate over time, they lead to certain groups having  more influence and power than others. This makes members of higher status groups appear to be right and worthy of trust, which encourages those in lower status groups and people in general to trust them and to go along with their way of doing things. What this means is that social status hierarchies, and the inequalities of race, class, gender, age, and others that go along with them, are fostered and perpetuated by what happens in small group interactions. This theory seems to bear out in the wealth and income disparities between white people and people of color, and between men and women, and would seem to correlate with both women and people of color reporting that they are frequently presumed incompetent or presumed to occupy positions of employment and status lower than they actually do. Updated by Nicki Lisa Cole, Ph.D.