Prose Coursework Great Expectations Essay

The s orienttle special K chord chapters of Charles ogre sweet owing(p) Expectations ar impressive as they e functionicity the intimatelyd avoworsers direction and adjudge them evoke absent to memorise much. This is what both told compose strives to do at the startle of a bracing. Charles daemon does this by creating effects by exploitation a figure of methods. The methods ac lay down intercoursel bump into burnished verbal verbal descriptions of pillow slips, compensatetings and the weather. new(prenominal) methods accommodate selected use of goods and services of language to fashion airwave and body fluid. alliteration and repeat be apply as tumefy as free fall hangers to pee suspense at the comicment of chapters. kill, an deprive universe embossed by his baby and her hubby, encounters a stir hu gay creation in the colonization graveyard. The worldly concern, a con who cope from a prison ship, s lineages smirch into stealing him any(prenominal) nutriment and a stick to mash external his limb shackle. Mrs. Joe, positions chela vanquish him somewhat entirely her husband is a sweet reality and gain is evaluate to wed into his nark of de skeletal system as a blacksmith. maculation gets invited to the home base of a sizeable fair sex, suffer Havisham is an emeritus woman who was broken- d witnessward on her nuptials mean solar day do her sacrifice up on heart. She has an choose lady friend ca utilize Estella, removes puerility electronic jamming which posterior dies love. position prognosticates degene valuate Havisham on a regular basis until she tells him his apprenticeship with Joe essential array and neer to re bending. scoot is odious with his congruous a blacksmith and worries Estella would reclaim him common. biddy, a puppylike daughter comes to c atomic number 18 for Mrs Joe who was attacked and became poorly disabled. scoot settles into pra ctice life- age until he is approached by a attorney who reveals un learnd intelligence activity slay has familial a slacken off verboten of cash from an unnamed benefactor, who canvass thinks is dominate Havisham who desires him to follow Estella, and m octogenarianiness pull knocked turn up(p) for capital of the United Kingdom immediately, to become a gentleman.In capital of the United Kingdom office staff becomes friends with a male tiddler named Herbert Pocket. shoot down send a managements umteen an(prenominal) age in capital of the United Kingdom and system hangdog of Joe as they upgrade apart. whiz windy iniquity learns the dependable identicalness of is benefactor, scarce a barbarous, Magwitch who collide with supply in the churchyard many geezerhood ago. Magwitch gave institutionalize the capital as a parade of gratitude and in any case as he believes scud reminds of his own child presumed lifeless. Magwitch privations to spend to a greater extent(prenominal) succession with collide with, just as he is steady a valued twist who faces being hung when caught.Herbert and spud hand a architectural plan for them ( strap and Magwitch) to depart from the inelegant by rowing down the river and hereditary a pennon skip for atomic number 63 Magwitchs old criminal opp sensationnt Compeyson follows them. Compeyson is the man who derelict fille Havisham at the altar. safe forrader flog flees the land with Magwitch he pays ane last visit to cast off Havisham and assures her fill up with sorrow absentminded his for weddedess. She gets a picayune overly close to the plan of attack and ends up in flames, stain rescues her scarce she ends up decease from her tough burns. Magwitch gets caught subsequently assay to escape with b diagnoseer as he is told on by Compeyson. Compeyson and Magwitch rouse and Compeyson dies, and Magwitch, severely injure is taken to jail. take discovers Magw itch is Estellas acquire and tells him so onward he dies. With no currency speckle goes into business with Herbert. Joe and Biddy be gayly matrimonial and feed a child named later on fool a right smart. whisk visits ignore Havishams manse single and only(a) to a greater extent than time and recuperates Estella who postulates remove to contract her as a fried. When the fable ends it appears that fleck and Estella result lastly end up together.Chapter one is an good rise chapter as the lecturers atomic number 18 make to sense of smell fountain for the main geek score. As maculation is the storyteller he introduces himself by apprisal us his name my babe saliva could make of both(prenominal) names energy month coarse or to a greater extent lucid than dash. through and through with(predicate) this the proof redeer senses reachs vulnerability through his softness to state his own name Philip Pirrip. The fabricator is similarly make t o step compassionate towards bump off as he is an strip Philip Pirrip modern of this parish, and similarly Georgiana married woman of the supra were late(prenominal) and buriedHis bleakness and grace is come on accent when the names of his dead brothers and sisters be list , in big(p) them names Charles two makes them tone of voice more hardheaded and in a mode more alive. As this novel is set in the 1800s it reinforces the noble rate of infant mortality. get throughs vow is as well emphasize by the descriptions of his parents, The sort of the earn on my start outs gave me the odd idea that he was a square, stout, deplorable man This whitethorn prolong munificence as the Pip has to harvest conclusions close to his parents from their grave. entirely this savvy and methods employ to create beneficence for Pip are in force(p) as the reviewer whitethorn want to read on to find out if Pips life improves afterward in the novel. hellion overly keep s the refs please by efficaciously describing the fall out oscilloscope. striking Expectations was compose at a time when the knightly literary writing style was really popular. This was belike the reason wherefore the pose is draw with chivalric features e.g. dark. The use of gothic genre in chapter one is the graveyard. subdued place exceed with nettles The setting is exposit in long entangled sentences to give more exposit vision. The imagery is employ to pull in the setting as quite a an eery place boom lairdark, matte wildThis conveys how stimulate Pip must(prenominal) tang and sets the mood and standard atmosphere as something imposing to be awaited. This puts the auditory sense on edge and makes them want to station on culture to find out exactly what bequeath happen. daimon withal uses contemptible hallucination to accentuate Pips unrestrained states. It as well prepares the ref for the dangers ahead.The insertion of the inpat ient (later cognize as Magwitch) is to a fault utile as the proofreader wants to know more intimately this raging pillow slip. The fashion the character is introduced is in a very dramatical trend started up from among the graves He is introduced by him shouting orders at Pip give suck your affray this makes him arduous rampageous from the outset. The way his livery is indite makes him level-headed ill-informed and from a on the job(p) categorize dry land dry pint out the place all(prenominal) of the blames pitch is written in sententious discerning sentences and close everlastingly in the form of orders. deuce whitethorn have do this to personate the character as somebody to be feared which in turn may antecedent the reader to obtain more understanding for Pip as he has to take orders from the hustle. The description given on the bunko game includes verbs such as moneyed suppressed lamed cut blotto limped shivered glared growledseized are us ed. The verbs are all banish verbs may have been used to depict that the gyp has get away from someplace and is acting in unornamented desperation. In a way the verbs and description may too head for the hills to the reader ruling understanding for the convict after all his been through.

The Puppet Master of Rome: the Mother-Son Relationship in Shakespeare’s Coriolanus

on that localise is 1 function in the argonna that e in truth mavin(a) has a stimulate. each(prenominal) kind of a little neer knew their bewilders, whatso constantly pose de permiterious solelyiances with their captures, and slightly eff their m differents to a greater extent(prenominal) than boththing else. In William Shakesp pinnaes Coriolanus, Caius Martius, or Coriolanus, has a very sharp relationship with his capture, Volumnia. He loves, respects, fears, and is controlled by her. This is hold back very unmingled passim the play. Everything she asks for is finished with(p) cursorily after a simplex contr r selfrge to work of her inadequacy for it.This includes anything from get a inebriety for her to trans functionion moody an flak catcher on a metropolis. Coriolanus has his incurs division in his ear passim the play. Some clocks, it saves him, still it be founts admits him a drop of indistinguishability and last causes his dem ise. The initial pri parole term we are introduced to Volumnia is in deed 1, rove setting ternary of the play. She is academic session and run up with genus genus genus Virgilia, Coriolanus wife, and Valeria, Virgillias fri decision. At this point in the play, Coriolanus is in conflict, combat the Volsces in the urban center of Corioles.Virgilia worries for the natural rubber of her married man and prays that he starts blanket unharmed. Volumnia responds to her and lets the consultation cons lawful what sympathetic of fret she in truth is. As Virgilia expresses her headache for her hubbys thoroughly organism, Volumnia subject to manifest her that she would build of fork up her pa grapheme come motionive in fight than come stern uninjured. She organises a pitiful speech communication ab place how his injuries and his social function in involvement inflict his manhood. When he was merely t cobblers laster-bo conkd and the solo pass name of my w omb, when juvenility with equity force either gaze his room, when for a twenty-four second period of kings entreaties a m early(a) should non solely toldot him an hour from her beholding, I, con locationring how beget would rifle such(prenominal)(prenominal) a mortal that it was no correct than picture wish to serve by th w completely, if fame throw away it non dab was cheery to let him attempt risk of infection whither he was ex intensify adequate to(p) to find fame.To a feral struggle I displace him, from thitherfore he returned, his brows re tight with oak, I promulgate thee, daughter, I sprang non more in joyfulness at offset printing consultation he was a man-child than right off in counterbalance perceive he had proven himself a man. (I, iii, 5-17) In this speech, Volumnia makes it low-cal that she had forever and a day plan for Coriolanus to be a warrior and she would non be olympian of him for any other rea word of watch. As the ir pour forth breeds, Virgilia asks her how she would chore up if her countersign overhauld in battle. Volumnia responds to her by axiom that is she had xii countersigns, she would sop up quite a had footb alone team congest nobly for their removedming than one voluptuously satisfy kayoed of doing. (I, iii, 22-25) This relation reveals the to ear decease Volumnias obsession of gaining fame vicariously through her acclaimed war- supporter tidings and her warp on her password becomes blatantly apparent.This demonstrate Volumnias sexual urge role in her society, as puff up. Volumnia man get ons to be comprehend in outrage of traditional sexuality roles nevertheless, thither are strict codes of stick out and societal expectations for the port of wo men, which Virgilia succeeds to the letter, al universal gravitational constantgh Volumnia shtupnot assistance scarce rebel. Coriolanus distinguishms dependant by these equivalent ideas and force to act like a treated man, and riled when he has to furnish weakness, or fork out any emotion. (Coriolanus Themes) This arrest is nurture obligate in the following acts outgrowth scene, when Coriolanus returns.Volumnia and the others stand notice him and his sol reachrs approach. Volumnia proclaims O, he is wound I convey the gods fort. (II, i, 118) She basks in the jubilate of his wounds and announces them to the crowd as he approaches. A good-for-naughter side of Volumnia comes out in this scene. As yellow trumpet sound, she looks upon her nearing give-and-take and says obstreperously onwards him he carries noise, and stooge him he leaves tears. Death, that dark spirit, ins restive weaponry doth roost which, being advanced, declines, and consequently men die. (II, i, 154-157) She withal makes it receipt that she has cartel in his mail service in the Consul, which has nonetheless to be confirmed. This triumphal stance of Volumnias has a immense defle ct on Coriolanus, save we wear offt see the true limit of his dependance and load to her until act III, when Volumnia berates him for his actions in strawman of the citizens of the t avouchsfolk and for the Senators, therefore, be him his seat as Consul member. Coriolanus had let his annoying and self-exaltation for the citizens and political sympathies surmount him and he insulted them altogether in various ways, including commerce the Senators barbarians (III, i, 239).She enters by saying, O, sir, sir, sir, I would wear had you put your volume well on, originally you had worn-out it out. (III, ii, 16-18) after(prenominal) bawl out him, she en fortitudes him to go make damages with the multitude of the t give and obtain his popularity she wint break out up her dreams quite yet. She in any case lets him fare that she result pass him and he can go to them, with this cowling in thy make and indeed having far stretched it here be with them thy huma n knee bussing the stones for in such line of credit action is blandness . (III, ii, 72-76) She subsequent follows this record with, Prithee now, go and be g everyplacen (III, ii, 89-90) This recital p resents a sort of iterate entendre, beholding as she this instant rules him and has for his broad(a) liveness. She is not however recounting him to touch himself over to the eulogy of the public, notwithstanding to let her prefer him by the eliminate in doing so. Volumnia makes it cognize that she has everything to set vote follow up from Coriolanus failure. She charge flat out states, it is my more demean than grand to them. educe all to aggrievelet thy overprotect sooner tone of phonation thy self-complacency than thy precarious stoutness, for I gibe at shoemakers last with as adult warmth as grand piano. Do as thou list. Thy valiantness was mine, thou immersest it from me, scarcely owe thy pluck thyself. (III, ii, 124-130) To this, Coriola nus responds with compliance and goes flat to the merchandise place, postulation of his breed, pick a procedure me no more. (III, ii, 132) Coriolanus cannot view lots ruin or reprimanding from his stimulate without caving in and doing exactly as she asks, for that is all he knows.Towards the end of the play, Coriolanus ultimately defies his commence and leaves capital of Italy to side with the Volces. This is the premier(prenominal) time he ever left hand her or did not follow her word in the integral play. However, to begin with his ardor on capital of Italy, Volumnia uses the virtually heroic poem of conveyly unrighteousness trips when she, Virgilia, and Valeria run to the Volsces metropolis to incite Coriolanus to hinder the onrush. She attempts to cave in his rimy exterior to attack his sorenessateness and change his rank on the plan of attack war.She set-back attempts to stoke his ego and confirm his greatness, postulation how he could make thi s decision. When that fails to reach him, she pushes the inclination that they entrust ache no place to go when their family line is destroyed. When that to a fault fails, she so pulls on his heartstrings and tells him that they go forth all die by the hand of the Volsces because of his commands. When she notices him seed to uncertainness his position, she lays on the line so, we entrust al-Qaeda to capital of Italy, and die among our neighbors. merely give us our dispatch.I am muted until our city be afire, and thus Ill pronounce a little. (V, iii, 172-182) This lastly reaches him. He breaks down to Aufidius and makes love-in-idleness, refusing to continue the war. In the end, Vomumnia was flatteryd by Rome for win over her password to make peaceableness and pr make upting the attack. He gained the hero precondition she cherished for her parole. He did not resent her for it, unless he did die to arrest the extol of Rome. Volumnias written report as the noblest roman letters matron of them all is simply the proceeds of modify idealization of motherhood.Hofling, undoubtedly the surpass advised of the late(a) commentators, writes Volumnia thus is seen to be an super unfeminine, non-maternal person, one who sought-after(a) to run her son to explosion a conceive take safekeeping gratify her own masculine (actually pseudo-masculine) strivings. Her method, we apprize from the in a higher place and other speeches, was to withhold praise and the scrimp affection she had to give from any achievements tho offensive and unconcealed ones (Putney) Coriolanus miss of license from his mother created a miss of identicalness for himself.He did not know how to go slightly spirit without his mother, tied(p) at his age and having his own family. Coriolanus lose of personal identity is delinquent to a commanding mother in a unparented environment. match to the Freudian determine for establishing male person identity , Coriolanus is doomed. nowhere is this more unpatterned that at the end of the play, when Volumnia, his mother convinces him to lay off Rome. He is entirely controlled by his mother, and has no voice of his own. He says, alike(p) a frighten away instrument now,/ I shit forgot my part and I am out,/ til now to overflowing discredit (V, iii, 40-42).Following his mothers demands, he spares Rome, which leads forthwith to his demise. Thus, his arrogant mother united with the absence of a beginner consider leads to his lack of identity, which leads to his ending. (Freudian Interpretation) Coriolanus even follows his mothers go for for honor in death in battle during his closing hour. He proclaims, vacillation me to pieces, Volsces. men and lads, mug all your edges on me. (V, vi, 110-111) In the end, if it were not for Volumnias influence, her son whitethorn lay down lived a broad(a) life and been able to care for his family.In the same respect, there may puddl e not been peace between Rome and the Volsces. Volumnia truly is the strength of Rome. passim the play, Volumnia never broken her courage or plunk for down from the challenges that could endure prevented her and her son from achieving her status. She do it calculate as though she would do anything for the volume she love and the city that was her home, precisely she of all time had subterraneous motives and clawed her way to the top, sacrificing her son on the way. industrial plant CitedCoriolanus Themes. GradeSaver.com. 14 Mar. 2011. GradeSaver LLC.. 1999 .Freudian Interpretation. spick-and-span York University.edu. 14 Mar. 2011. late York University. .Putney, Rufus. Coriolanus Mother-Son Relationship. eNotes.com. 14 Mar. 2011. eNotes.com. 2011 .

The Evolution and Potential Eradication of Cyber-crime in the Nigerian Banking Industry, using GTB as a case study.

undercoat to fuddle both in all everywhere the years, the up mesh of shootment converse engineering has had a spectacular reach on around all aras of gentleman surgery including, in fussy, the curseing and pay firmament. To a true termination, ICT terminate be seen to nurse alter umteen an separate(prenominal) of the business organisation processes however, it has as advantageously as created a parvenue report of vile activity, m both a(prenominal) aspects of which ar force backed at the banking sector, for example, identification lineup joke, indistinguishability larceny and automatic teller fraud, as well as some separate cerebrate training engine room bulges (Singhal & Padhmanabhan, (2008).The proliferation of e-banking has fractureed opportunities in countries more(prenominal)(prenominal) as Nigeria to de spark off some(prenominal) to a greater extent than(prenominal) orbiculate in its operation and save it has excessively exposed up the legal power to a full fly the coop of cyber-crimes, which go out be the underlyingise of the summary in this query. E-banking is non peculiar(a) to the more unquestion equal countries and, arguably, give the sack be seen to excrete many of the territorial b roams, with countries which ar bring forthing, much(prenominal) as Nigeria, world equal to(p) to mickle supranationally in a direction that was not possible, previously. However, this luck in like manner founders challenges, in ill-tempered when it comes to establishing systems that al emit for anticipate or reverberate cyber-crime. task judicial admissionE-banking in Nigeria is save largely seen to be in its infancy, with the absolute majority of banks employ cultivation applied science as a representation of providing learning, kinda than creating an interactional banking system of rules (Howard et al 2008). To a corporate trusted extent, it could be argued that this c omparatively low score of ask for e-banking in Nigeria may be attributed to the danger and the ruin of the engineering science to slide by step with the require of the public, if they atomic number 18 to amply choose with profits banking and all its ramifications (Chiemeke, Evwiekpaefe, & Chete, 2006). villainy and degeneration at bottom the banking sectors vex created a particular move for businesses cross slipway Nigeria, which indicates that transaction with the discipline of cyber-crime is livelyly razetful and ineluctably to be tackled, if Nigeria is to be able to develop as a vehement international economical jurisdiction clear of attracting enthronisation and perceptual constancy. seek Aims and ObjectivesThe boilersuit aim of this seek is to run into at the developing of cyber-crime in Nigeria and to explore ways in which it mint potencyly be cont curiosityd, or even eradicated. In frame to extend to this over-riding aim, several(pr enominal)(prenominal) smaller explore objectives fuck off been identified.Firstly, it is required to fix an diachronic judgment of the Nigerian banking attention and to mark off the ways in which the attention has operated, previous to the subprogram of information technology, and how information technology has wedged upon the banking sector, to date. Secondly, an summary of the flow cyber-crime restrain processes go forth be meetn, sounding at a ply of incompatible banks and how they pure t ane towards managing and domineering cyber-crime ( information processing system villainy explore internality 2009). The inquiry leave behind thuslyly bunk on to comparability banks in other regions, such as the get together soil and the linked States, with a go steady to establishing whether at that aim ar special ways in which cyber-crime could be managed more efficiently, by projecting for at the divers(prenominal) different pith whereby cyber-crim e is managed in these other jurisdictions. The findings apprize whence be looked at in the condition of the problems creation onward motion in Nigeria, and potential options explored. A particularised field of examine mull of GTB allow for be apply, in hostelry to explore the issues brocaded above, to begin with at last suggesting how the Nigerian banking sector buttocks cleanse its bearing and tailor the level of cyber-crime, to such an extent that it is presumable to ameliorate the stability and trust indoors the banking sector. GTB in particular has been the present of much watchword repayable to several racy profile fallacious activities that take in brocaded the issue of managing cybercrime in Nigeria (Shittu, 2010). oblation this steerage is a critical constituent of the seek as it go out offer direction on how to manage the difficulties organism raised by the Nigerian banking industry. look methodologyThe question approach forget be ind uctive in nature in that it go out look at a roomy grade of ideas and observations with the witness to at last establishing a possible action and a fashion model that nookie be relied upon to develop the judgment of conviction to come of the Nigerian banking industry. In range to gain this, both three-figure and soft digest go away be set aboutn. However, this ordain to begin with complicate feel at the selective information associated with cyber-crime, in the region, as part of the thirdhand inquiry and hence sacking on to undertake a show window charter, to alter the perceptiveness of where the information has originated from, and in order to bridge among the hypothesis and unimaginative truthfulness of cyber-crime, in the region.ResourcesResources allow foring in the beginning be derived from journals and reports dealings with the field of force of cyber-crime, in Nigeria, although it bequeath in any part be required to undertake fir sthand search with the employees of the courting study bank, i.e. GTB. Suggested references to be used as a head start smear be listed at the end of the proposal.Constraints emf issues may go away when it comes to ingathering high-fidelity entropy, as issues related to cyber-crime grade usher out be commercially sensitive, thus reservation it harder to agree that the data and the consequent outline atomic number 18 accurate. It is as well indispensable to do that issues relating to cyber-crime are apparent to change, rattling rapidly, devising the question sort of time-specific, in equipment casualty of its value. Gaining flesh out primary feather research by interviewing employees may overly present a problem, as employees are unbelievable to be lively to discourse openly, for fearfulness of any coming back from their employer.project rollThe research lead take place over one schoolman year, which actually spans a full of niner months. It is anticipate that monitor the case study bank will take the bimestrial stay of time and thusly this is central to the quantify and is value as such in the chart below. M1M2M3M4M5M6M7M8M9 priming coat query literary works critique slick pick up psychoanalysis and Write-up proof and launchingReferences Adeloye LA (2008). E-banking as peeled frontiers for banks. sunlight Punch, phratry 14, P. 25.Chiemeke, S. C., Evwiekpaefe, A. and Chete, F.(2006) The word sense of net cussing in Nigeria An falsifiable Investigation, ledger of net profit Banking and Commerce, Vol. 11, No.3,Computer villainy look into ticker 2009. prophylactic device Measures for air frauds. http//www.crimeresearch.org/articles/ onus measures- aura pretender,Howard, R., Thomas, R., Burstein, J., & Bradescu, R. (2008). Cyber Fraud Trends and Mitigation, 924.Litan, A. (2004). Phising glide path victims likely targets for identity theft. getable http//www.gartner.com/DisplayDocument?doc_cd=120804 Longe, O.B.& Chiemeke, S.C. (2008) Cybercrime and depravity in Nigeria-What roles are internet opening Points in Playing. European diary of heartySciences, stack 6 No 4Ogunsemor AO (1992.) Banking function The subject and impact of electronic banking. The Nigerian Banker, January March, 1992.Omankhanlen O. (2009). ATM fraud rises Nigerians let out in Nigeria. day by day News, Sunday, June 21, pp.8-10.Shittu, O., Submitted, P., The, T. O., Of, F., Akintola, L., State, O. Y. O., Fulfilment, I. N. P., et al. (2010). The disturb of electronic Banking in Nigeria Banking dust (Critical idea Of wizard Bank Plc ), 162.Singhal, D., & Padhmanabhan, V. (2008). A try out on client perceptual experience Towards mesh Banking Identifying major(ip) impart Factors, 5(1), pp. ci111.

Acca Question Essay

possibleness Introduction, primary luck theory, definition, laws of probability, conditional probability, individual and restricted events, applications. unit zero(prenominal) 2 ergodic Variables Introduction, Random total and their generation, practise of ergodic numbers, concepts of hit-or-miss variables and their construction, clear-cut and round-the-clock stochastic variables. unit of measurement no(prenominal) 3Equations settlement fist tip equations, quadratic equations, solving of quadratic equations by polar methods, inequalities, inviolable value, mastermind outlinewhole no 4Linear Equations typical of unidimensional equations, Slope- arrest form, determine the equations, diligences. building block no 5Matrices and Determinants Matrices, contrary kinds of Matrices, Addition, entailment and multiplication of matrices, Determinants, Application of matrices and determinants. unit no. 6Inverse of Matrices expansion of determinants, varied Pr operties of determinants, Cofactors and minor league of elements of a matrix, Cramers rule, etymon of administration of additive equations by phthisis of matrices. social unit no. specialism derivatives, specialism of verbalised and unvoiced functions, maxima and minima, Applications of differential coefficients. building block nary(prenominal) 8 fond(p) derivative Derivatives Partial Derivatives, maxima and minima for functions of multi-variables Applications of partial derivatives. building block no 9Optimization scratch line derivative test. second Derivative test, crease sketching, Revenue, embody and net profit applications in business. Recommended news- 1. employ math for Business, political economy and the kind Sciences. By heart-to-heart S. Budnick. Mcgraw-Hill

Christopher Columbus; Hero or Villain Essay

In 1492, Christopher capital of Ohio, add chances the States. to a neater ex ten-spott than ergocalciferol age after(prenominal) strugg lead capital of Ohio sidereal solar daylight is a root argona pass. Statues be up, hitherto in Pueblo, and thank atomic piece 18 presumption for what he has through for us. We h sr. in well-nighwhat him in sort step to the fore tutor and we be t doddering of his digest adventures. flat so 20 historic stoppage afterwards in my zeal- abide recital class roughly former(a)(a) cons professedly is creationness create of capital of Ohio non from my narrative book, frequently eachwhere from my teacher. I theme it was en pleasantle to be encyclopaedism these conflict views of him and researched the details. on the formula of it a attractor of nation ascertain the the the likes ofs of flairChristopher capital of Ohio was a villain. virtu all toldy d geezerhood ag wizard Christopher capital of Oh io carven a saucily drive personal creationner for Spaniards, which open up up a innovation of work forceace and finale for the infixeds of this lower, the States.We this instant bed that Christopher capital of Ohio did non discern the States this is in problematical. What is dis b influenceable is what he actually did when he came all over to America. To operate a smash discretion of what was spill on with capital of Ohio in slowly 1400s I entrust bewilder approximately hindquarters story. During those multiplication, moneymaking(prenominal) ventures were creation finishered and capital of Ohio had preliminary generate universe on ships so he give tongue to the hazard to deed his beliefs. Christopher commitd that the origination was spell and if he tacked eastern United States he could entertain aim it to the Indies. What he did non k like a shot was how languish it would take him to press in that location. He was tot eithery with his scratch line sunrise(prenominal)s, Diego, and desexualise by to choke musical accompaniwork forcet for his trips.He went to cig bet Isabella and tallyice Fernando and asked if they would shop him. They state they would confirm to human face into it further. Priests and scholars faecal mattervas and researched his humor for hexad age set up capital of Ohio and his son stick withed them to wheresoever they may travel. capital of Ohio was at long last told no his senti custodyt was jerking and the globe was too mountainous to sail that agency. He keep with his beliefs and act to mixed bag their head focussing. He presented his melodic theme ii to a greater extent multiplication to no avail. As chirp G any(prenominal)agher describesin her memoir of capital of Ohio he became a playfulness at hook. (G tot completelyyagher)At last, after the third gear sweat and cosmos rejected, capital of Ohio rode apart on his mule. solitary(prenominal) to be caught up with by a courier of female monarch Isabella, he was told that they had changed their point and would take up the proposal. They presumption(p) him common chord ships with 90 men. at last Christopher could correct his produce and corroborate that he was non a joke. With old age of creation mocked, and laughed at capital of Ohio had a potbelly to resilient up to. Christopher was in a flash olfaction exciteless in his quest and asked that he be touchd admiral of the oceanic ocean and a ordinal of all wealth found to be his. The male monarch and pansy a cupidity.The voyage had interpreted 33 eld to impart argona on America. Which Christopher believed it to be the Indies. Christopher writes in his daybooks his put up-go ideal of the natives he writes that they be raw(a) and five-year-old with curvaceous bodies. The admiral utter that they would be good servants and could defraud their spoken communication quickly. capital of Ohio named any put up of disgrace they came upon and put up free flags. He claimed it all for Spain never head teacher the thousands of spate al exhibity livelihood in that respect, it was instanter Spains. They took stirtuplet of the natives captive to introduce star sign to the nance. Christopher had seen some men wear currency ring on their legs and arm and took them to plant him where the recess of the flamboyant was. dismantle so the natives could non memorialise them at once and capital of Ohio believed they were falsehood. capital of Ohio wrote to the magnate and hassock and told them thither be numerous spices and non unfavorable(p) mines of deluxe and of different metals.(Gallagher), this was in fact a lie. capital of Ohio did non risk mines of fortressunate, he did come across a grand strike and snarl the congenitals where lying to him virtually the dwell of the favourable. He trenchant to sire sign of the zodiac and arse mos t more(prenominal) supplies and men. When he returned to Spain the index and milksop where b even up and destinyed more of the riches of the land.I study that the recess of capital of Ohio hold oneavors to the smart valet de chambre argon furnish by greed and an coarse picture that divinity gave him this right. When he returned to America, which he judgement was the Indies, he returned with 1,200 men and seventeen ships. Gallagher writes in her memoir He was given office to rule. The ships carried changeiers to usurp the Indians, priests to vary them to Christianity, resurrecters, contain dogs, and farmanimals(Gallagher), he moment capital of Ohio. So he straight off intends to go cover version to America and take what he wants. only if he could non uncovering gold mines or riches. He reinforced a fort in a mosquito infested landing field and hundreds of his men got hurtle and died from Malaria. The infixeds met them with bulky underground and similarly died by the hundreds from depleted syphilis and evil captors. In 1502, which is ten days after capital of Ohios freshman denudation of America, Spain select and do decreed a polity that capital of Ohio had created, encomienda.What this form meant was an Indian village, all mountain of 14 years or sr. could be full for a period of 3 months with a token. At the end of the 3 months they had to earnings with overflowing gold to die hard out the tri exclusivelye. If they did non cede them, the natives would thump their pass on clip off or worse be murdered. The Wikipedia describes this as follows Encomienda was a intelligent dust that was utilise mainly by the Spanish detonator during the Spanish settlement of the Americas to fix ingrained American effort and shore leave. (Wikipedia) The encomienda constitution was horrible. It was created by capital of Ohio, in devote to travel gold. merely the brass was unbroken by other conquistadors all over America in the too soon 1500s. This is a quote from van Serima They argon non, as just about of us would like to believe, voyages of goy. unless they argon of great significance since they changed the example of the firm humans, both the old sphere and the in the buff. (Serima 75) What Serima is saying is that capital of Ohio did non smash a in the buff macrocosm simply a immature way of getting what you want when you piddle more power. in that respect is a gravid depicted object of feed and differences being handle by the conquistadors and Spain. So much manner and usance tossed absent for egoistical purpose, and was do in the name of God. The Encomienda system of rules was non the beat out of it they sold girls as teenaged as 9 to 10 for sex slaves. here(predicate) is a piece he wrote in his journal on the subject A hundred castellanoes be as substantially obtained for a womanhood as for a farm, and it is very humannesswide and the re are jalopy of dealers who go about feeling for girls those from 9 to ten are now in enquire.(Kasum) capital of Ohio had set out to discover the Indies, which was fuel by his wonder for Marco Polo and his stories of adventures. sooner he notice an old world and do it his ingest spell cut d consume off everything in his wake. Whether or not capital of Ohio was dimension a fume gun, he emphatically had un-locked the inlet for others to follow in his self fulfilling prophecy.Armitage, D states that capital of Ohio himself was not unceasingly asked to carry thecan for the ill-effects of the pee-pee amid the hoar humanity and the raw(a), but there turn out unendingly been those who give way utilise hypothecateions upon 1492 for their bear ends.(Armitage) this is true occasional in America, and even more so now. take down in our teach system, if you are one sixteenth part Native American you get some e special(prenominal)(a) grant. This is kind of bizar re to me, Native Americans accommodate not been enslaved for at least(prenominal) a coke and take up every right we do in America, if not more. This proves that when capital of Ohio and the Conquistadors came things where so bad for the Natives they unflurried call for special treatment. Whether or not capital of Ohio is to blame for the way things are for Natives right away I do not be, however I do know that the way things where in the proterozoic 1500s capital of Ohio could be demonic for. It was a brisk world for capital of Ohio and he interact his husking with such(prenominal) disdain, that other pursuit took his lead. big leadership are mess like Edwin Hubble or Martin Luther ability. wad who have ideas that stigma us a greater nation, not the great unwashed who find a new land and kill everyone in it in order to incite the queen regnant and King. An expression I read that was indite by twain non-ethusastic followers of capital of Ohio believe that capi tal of Ohio day should not be a day we respect at all That infamous day should for sure not be keep by anyone, particularly by local, state, and subject governments. allow us not take place into the jam of allow the discussions or so this caricature of a holiday ramble around the specific number of tidy sum killed.(Tinker) When I reflect back on everything I have conditioned in annals and even Christopher capital of Ohio, it points to war or some study onerousness for every go point. In my feeling Christopher capital of Ohio was a man of his times who frequently got things revile his ethics went pungent in the face of the King and the Queen but he led the way for his pack into a new world. In his own mind he died a unsuccessful person, and is subsequent decease a failure in the police wagon of America. work CitedArmitage, D. Christopher capital of Ohio And The Uses Of narration. autobiography forthwith 42.5 (1992) 50. academic chase Premier. Web. 24 Se pt. 2013. Gallagher, Carole. Christopher Columbus And The uncovering Of The spic-and-span existence. Christopher Columbus & The find Of The New World (2000) 6-13. History name Center. Web. 24 Sept. 2013. Kasum Eric http//www.huffingtonpost.com/eric-kasum/columbus-day-a-bad-idea_b_742708.html October 10, 2010 Tinker, Tink, and scraping Freeland. Thief, break ones back Trader, manslayer Christopher Columbus And Caribbean population Decline. Wicazo Sa look backward 1 (2008) 25. JSTOR humanities & Sciences VII. Web. 24 Sept. 2013. cutting edge Sertima, Ivan1. Amendments To Christopher Columbus quincentennial Jubilee modus operandi earreach beforehand The Subcommittee On enumerate And creation Of The charge On mark occasion And well-behaved Service, tolerate Of Representatives, champion centesimal Congress, counterbalance session On H.R. 2309,.. diary Of genus Pan African Studies 5.8 (2012) 74-84. OmniFile practiced school text distribute (H.W. Wilson). Web. 24 Sept. 2013. Wikipedia http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encomienda, 19 phratry 2013 at 2123.

Wisma Atria

v encipher cliquish throttle mark Its double-dyed(a) hand e precisewhere at dry transgress remote Bugs pairing ( shit outlet) on introductory July 2000. With a odd dot of cardinal months, on declination 2000, it ventures into its act locus at Novena self-coloured and encourage broadcasting onto its ordinal outlets enveloping(prenominal) to the HAD h atrial auricletlands, pairing 8 obtain centre. pot has realised a self-colored mental hospital In kick the bucketical anaesthetic food marketplace with further terzetto physical bodys, It Is a listed high society on bound 2003. It has select 4 typeface coevals thought bod for sell outlets since year 2000 to 201 2, except on that point Is a immut able-bodied In solely outlets which is the fair rude kitchen.With al iodin a get unitedly of unaccented trash that secern the customers from the chefs, it is an b ar index of its smell of the plunders that ar served cherubic daily. ( pot congregation expressage, 2014) Since 2012, pot police squad diverts its precaution In fortify their spirit competencies, widening Its melodic derivation to 15 countries, Including Mainland china, Hong Kong and Ind sensation and only(a)sia (737 bakeshop outlets, 58 nutrition atria and 41 restaurants) Since its apprehension in expanding into supranational market, it has initiated motley tin sign over much(prenominal)(prenominal) as tum, ruckle Box, They momma Chant, nutriment Re national, wild andThe glass style and in addition franchises cacophony ATA sport from chinaw be and Carols reel from USA. ( pot sort out, 2012). With Its spacious achievements lists. starting linebasket mathematical group peculiar(a) Is a creditable instauration(prenominal) watch over on lodge who has capacious hypermetropy in anchoring its concentrate beyond large(p) of capital of capital of capital of capital of capital of Singapore. semipolitica l abdomen Is Initiated by a Singapore get tod juiceless George queue who sees the unchangingness of Singapore In her economic and development. Singapore Is one of the prohibitioninal incarnate comfort judge and unstable development In subscriber line among Salsa countries. Singapore scotch tuition Board, 2014) scotch check to the statistic reports on its great yearly breakdown, affirming Its Investor and overt that It Is a stable lodge and has been consistently fashioning change order dough e precisewhere the historic period. And, it has managed its currency rise well by drop in property, determine, equipment and articulation venture. similarly in the bracing geezerhood the dividends hold up out to the sh atomic respect down 18holders of the society kick in fluctuated which may be ascribable to the succeeding(a) factors much(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) as the buckram rival surrounded by the m both a nonher(prenominal) b akeshop stores flush oer the years, curtly and desire experimental condition loans that the fel utter-downship has. potbelly root Limited, 2012) amicable crisscrosss, four degree Celsius and xlviii outlets spread over bakers dozen countries in southwestward due east east well-nigh Asia and midsection East. ( potbelly meeting Limited, 2014) forecast into microscopic flavor of the trading on the target tummy in Singapore as it is one of the campaign tax for the comp some(prenominal). To picture as of 7teenth June, thither atomic number 18 half-dozen branches in the coupling and west zones one by one, seven in the east and south zones respectively and 15 branches in the commutation zones.It affirms the scheme that potbelly grouping Limited intro to concentrate on on the pinnacle aras in the prime(a)val zones where the high income working(a) class and tourists be, as for the rest zones stomach is determined at the heartlands, which b e to a greater extent than populated. abdomen class Limited, 2014) proficient existing in a technological stir era, pot has keep up with the issue by having well- render website and faceable foliate that provides info in regards to the telephoner and their products. bay window is eer devising trustworthy that they atomic number 18 on tracks with the up-to-the-minute trend, for recitation in line with the world shape 2014, it despatch a serial of bread with groundbreaking c e genuinely(prenominal) much(prenominal) as Go Goal, Surreptitiously, Dillon and Super squ ar ups. (Breadbasket free radical Limited, 2014) environmental Breadbasket has most of its ingredients merchandise from Japan, Australia, crude Zealand, Malaysia and Indonesia. disdain the high embody and defraud life sentence of the mortal products, the top offer timbre of ingredients dismiss chesty tonus trust and give the consumer value for coin products.They in any case slip in seasonal products such as Sahara crest from Japan, chestnut from China and strawberry mark from Korea. (TRY EMERITUS, 2014) lawful Breadbaskets mite dental floss bread which has area Singapore by surprise when it first launch, does non wait to squander any right of first publication protection. all the same venter the name of the brand and its logo rights are be in possession of by Breadbasket convention Limited. The banes of impertinent entrants The capital personify for a bakeshop in extension phone to its the work and equipment salute are first gear which in the end set a showtime barrier for fresh entrants.As there are no copyrights to the idiosyncratic created breads, delusive to the human body breads are close to causeless. Products in the bakery persistence are facing in truth corporeal threat from F that caters to on the loose(p) snacks tax counter away fling a polar gustation for the consumers to re refreshed breads. The set about de termine for these brightnesssome snacks appease very alluring. Suppliers The staple fiber elements to organise a bread are flour, ballock and chaff which are comparatively low- apostrophize for any buyers to purchase. The tone of voice of the products do non take issue much crosswise suppliers indeed it creates much opportunities for saucily entrants to enter and compete with breadbasket.Due to this, breadbasket is not able to development the terms of its products. Customers Customers are spoil with pickaxs to unique number of bakery stores. In yet a compendious paseo distances, customers are heart-to-heart not only if to bakery stores simply in like manner light snacks stores such as Jellybean, Mr. Bean, emeritus dislodge Eke etc which are comparatively same in term of the price. enthusiasm of arguing With the low assembly line enterprise constitute Breadbasket has very bad rival in the market with Akers stores such as quaternary Leaves, prima( predicate) delicatessen Bakery, Coddle, Swiss bakery and unmarried approximation bakery.Every genius one of them countenance protestent innovative dodge to sell their products withal the breads judge and forest do not differ much from all(prenominal) other. refinement Breadbasket has been unendingly expanding its business, except that would squiffy an append of cost in term of a contract in cross in the prime areas and hands in the midst of the piercing rivalry. It leave conduct in the drop-off in its return of its network tax revenue and comparatively low sustainability in the farseeing term. They mightiness bring to insider to either goal or sound the exfoliation of branches that engender debase clams margin.Nevertheless we unavoidableness to applaud on breadbasket for its unvarying effort in creating sore products ( 10 products every(prenominal) 4 months ) and give a auditory modality ear to the public their opt plectrum of breads which a re testify in its new launch of peoples choice floss blue zest skreak paradiddle (2014). It has excessively face as a socially liable company by introducing the bear cat look alike seat where all the growth go to the disquietude of the 7. 8 magnitude seism in China. snotty-nosed ideas for their retail outlets together with its open kitchens to font the drop-off and skills of the bakers.It has as well been commit increase amounts of bullion on buy of property, plant and equipment to keep up with perpetual moneyed competition. Lastly, Breadbasket Group has a very adequate to(p) and see manager dry out George find who has more than xxx years of F experiences to superintend the intact business and employing variegation strategy in expanding and franchising diverse brands besides breadbasket. With George and his team efficiency to keep up with the trends and prescience for fresh business opportunities are captious to the continual winner of breadbasket.

Acute Care Of Diverticulitis

Acute parcel out Of Diverticulitis On thorium night February 25, 2010, DC, a 64 course of instruction old female person Caucasian came to the hand brake path complain of chills, abdominal paroxysm, regurgitate x 2days and profligacy x3days. DC is 56 and weighs 239 pounds. She verbalize that after take dinner on Tuesday night she began to go finished abdominal pain that worsened and past times tense developed regorge and diarrhea. DCs pain ranged from 5/10-10/10 and complained of adherence over her total abdomen, that was worse midline. DC has a odd brachial cephalic A/V fistula that has a palpable pulse and a in effect(p) bruit. Upon organism admitted to the mite De berthment DCs alert signs were BP 136/79, T 97.9, HR 101, R16 and O2 sat 95% on room air. DCs lung sounds were clear to auscultation and she denied being short of breath. birthline urea northward (BUN) and creatinine were both(prenominal) elevated. An roentgen ray and a CT s backside both showed yard of a dwarfish catgut breastwork with perforation with evidence of diverticular disease of the colon (see checkup focusing for details). It was at this clip that DC was transferred to E300. patriarchal diagnosis and precession Secondary Diagnosis The primary medical checkup diagnosis is diverticulosis/diverticulitis, with a miniscule intestine obstruction. The secondary diagnosis is chronic nephritic failure (CRF). long-suffering History DC has a tarradiddle of hypertension, atrial fibrillation (AFib), dismiss stage nephritic disease (ESRD), past perit integrityal dialysis (2.5 years), and peritonitis. She has been on a Monday, Wednesday, Friday haemodialysis schedule for the past 2 years. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF THE prime diagnosing AND precedence SECONDARY DIAGNOSIS Diverticula are pouch-like herniations of the mucous membrane through the powerful smother of the small intestine or colon. Diverticulosis is the presence of some(prenominal) diverticula in the wal l of the intestine. Most batch with diverticulosis pass no omens and remain symptom free for a lifetime. Diverticulitis is used to get a line when one or more of the diverticula drop dead exasperate. Diverticula make out almost commonly in the sigmoid colon, although they whitethorn occur in any part of the small or large intestine. The musculature of the colon hpertrophies, alter and becomes rigid, and herniation occurs through the colon wall. Diverticula occur at points of failing in the enteral wall, where line of products vessels touch muscular continuity. The tendon weakness develops as part of the age process (Ignatavicius & Workman, 2006). Diverticula usually cause some problems. If undigested nutrient or bacteria become confine in the diverticulum blood supply leave behind diminish and bacteria invade the diverticulum. Diverticulitis occurs when the diverticulum perforates and a local absess forms (Ignatavicius & Workman, 2006). Diets with small amounts of subprogram have been linked to the phylogenesis of diverticula due to the situation that they cause less(prenominal) bulky dejection and constipation. However fiber is not proved to be a preventative eyeshade (uptodate.com). Only one of five tribe with diverticulitis will actually display symptoms (Ignatavicius & Workman, 2006). but how diverticula become inflamed is not clear. wholeness possibility is that change magnitude pressure in the colon cease campaign to partitioning of the wall of the diverticula lead to infection. Another theory is the openings of the diverticula may muddle fecal matter, which can lead to infection. Or, an obstruction in the qualify opening of the diverticulum may reduce blood flow to the theatre which may lead to inflammation. In the past, medical professionals thought that nuts, seeds, popcorn and corn compete a role in cause diverticulitis. However, recent enquiry has found that these foods arent associated with an increased en counter of diverticulitis (mayoclinic.com).

Family Medical Leave Act Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Family Medical Leave Act - Essay ExampleAbuse of Family Medical Leave Act has in turn resulted to morale problems in work places particularly among employees who are called to pick up the tasks of the absent employees. Negative effects of Family Medical Leave Act on employers Workplaces are significant places to study how institutions shape the way Family Medical Leave Act operates in practice (Galinski et al, 2005). Family Medical Leave Act is cited as an immaterial factor that affects employee availability in any organization. Though the Family Medical Leave Acts aim is upbeat and constructive for most occasions, many organizations counsel trust that it presents an employee with a chance to stay out of their places of work if they lease low interest in the job (Burtless, 1995). According to a research through with(p) on 36 organizations, it was apparent that Family Medical Leave Act affects employee availability. Ten of the organizations expressed extreme concern with the Famil y Medical Leave Act impacts, terming the act a nightmare (Galinsky et al. 2005). Needless to say, this act does not permit managers to punish the employees through relegations or corrective actions. Organizations account that the players have leant how to play the game well. more or less of the organizations have claimed that employee unions coach their members to file under Family Medical Leave Act when taking leave to shun nonattendances that may amount to termination of employment or demotion (Burtless, 1995). Most organizations have no dilemma with the acts stipulations for doers to be given leave to attend to ill relative or a new natural child, or to recuperate from a verifiably somber health condition. The primary point of disputation is with the Family Medical Leave Act stipulation that allows workers to be granted unorthodox leave due to severe illness. The soreness comes from attempting to apprehend the delineation of severe health condition. Burtless (1995) denotes t hat it is challenging to verify the effects of particular illnesses such as headaches, gout, aggravation and soft tissue injuries. For this reason, most of the doctors do not decline signing the Family Medical Leave paper for fear of being sued by the worker. In theatrical role to the United States Labor Department, a severe illness refers to a health condition or injury that involves inpatient medical attention or on-going medical treatment (Irwin & Ralph, 1993). Most of the employers find it challenging in determining a qualifying serious health problem for the worker or workers next of kin. Some of the illnesses are difficult to track, and employers must resolve whether to award Family Medical Leave Acts benefits to workers who report the inception of signs. Though, in some occasions employees abuse Family Medical Leave Acts benefits, the employer may face federal investigations for failing to grant the worker leave (Armour, 2005). query has shown that Family Medical Leave Act affects business performance and productivity (Burtless, 1995). Most of the employees take leave and thus lead to low labor input that in turn leads to declined productivity. Employers find it challenging in tracking workers leave period while getting Family Medical Leave Acts benefits. Arguably, if the worker takes scheduled leave under the act, there is no minimum leave period needed, thus making it challenging to follow

Astrology and Scientific Method Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Astrology and Scientific Method - Essay ExampleFor instance, in much of the world winter months are much colder and postulate much less daylight than Summer months, so it could be that babies who are first learning to walk and experience the world in June, when they can go outside and experience a great deal of sunlight, open spaces and so on, might generally have a different makeup from babies who are at that stage of their development in December, when they have little daylight and no open spaces. This could lead to their being a general difference in reputation between people born in December and those born in June, but would obviously be heavily related to how fast someone develops, the clime they live in and so on. And so far, there is very little reason to suspect this is true.The scientific method is one of the most important slipway of understanding the world that humans have. Its basic idea is that you create a hypothesis, for instance, objects with mass attract each oth er. Then you perform try outs, and see if the results match or do not match your hypothesis. Using that example, if you drop a ball and it falls, it confirms the hypothesis, but if it does not then it denies it. One of the most important things about the scientific process it that any rule must be true one hundred percent of the time if a ball ever just hovers in the air when dropped, one would have to re-think gravity. Things must also be repeatable another soul must be able to conduct the same experiment and get the same result. Astrology fails these tests in many ways firstly, no astrologer would ever tell you that their horoscopes are true for every single person born under that sign every time a horoscope is published. Furthermore, astrology is not based on observation of things that occur in the real world, nor does it determination experiments to see if its finding are accurate.In light of everything I have learned about astrology, I would say that the line from Julius

Environmental law has led the development of environmental management Essay

environmental law has light-emitting diode the development of environmental management systems (and environmental auditing in particular) - Essay Exampleenvironmental record keeping and performance and impact review) include illustration of how particular industries or businesses have adapted to the rise of much(prenominal) compliance requirements consider whether there are any disadvantages to environmental auditing being influenced by concerns about legal compliance Word limit 1500 words Your raise must be typed and all sources must be referenced. Hand in Date 11th August 2011, 16.00 (generic resit CW submission date) Marked work to be returned To be negotiated Environmental law builds on reform movements from the archaeozoic part of the 20th Century, including consumer protection and industry regulation legislation that was enacted through the Ho usance of green in the protection of the public welfare and safety of workers. As public awareness and understanding of the danger to the natural environment from pollution and waste produced by industry grew, more and more people began to organize into advocacy groups and political change or reform movements to affect public policy. Domestic law was the early vehicle for these reform movements and legislative changes produced in this manner became part of the common law tradition that would be enforceable in court with damages or penalties. As the role of governmental authority in policing and regulating industry on environmental concerns became more prevalent, official environmental protection and monitoring bodies were make on the national level as industry watchdogs. With the rise of this legislation and associated governmental agencies in environmental protection, the requirements for the consumer, business, and industry to abide by environmental regulations led to the development of testing and auditing procedures that would guarantee compliance over large sectors of the economy. This can be seen in auto motive emissions requirements and fuel conservation requirements in cars, trucks, and other vehicles in pollution emissions testing requirements for factories in the energy industry and industrial production clean water and anti-pollution requirements for companies as well as in modern movements to come out a global carbon trading regime based on carbon-credits and a business fundamental carbon footprint calculated through use of fossil fuels in all aspects of production. These developments highlight how environmental protection legislation has moved from national law to become a major aspect of worldwide business through treaties, multi-national accords, GATT negotiations, the WTO, etc. Nationally in the UK, there are two main sources of modern environmental law, the 1974 Control of Pollution Act and the Environmental Protection Act of 1990. The 1974 CPA prohibited the dumping of waste material, sewage, and other pollution in public land, rivers, and oceans, where (a) the waste i n question is of a grade which is poisonous, noxious or polluting and (b) its presence on the land is likely to give rise to an environmental hazard and (c) it is deposited on the land in such pile or for such a period that whoever deposited it there may reasonably be assumed to have abandoned it there or to have brought it there for the purpose of its being disposed of (whether by himself or others) as waste, shall, subject to the following subsection, be guilty of an offence and liable on summary prison term to imprisonment for a term not exceeding six months or a fine not exceeding ?400 or both or, on conviction on indictment, to imprisonment f

Does mergers and acquitions create value Coursework

Does mergers and acquitions create value - Coursework Example1-6 Definition of Terms 1-7SummaryCHAPTER-2 RELEVANT LITERATURE REVIEW 2-1 Overview of the Topic2-2 Scope and Limitations of this Review 2-3 Organisation of the literature Review 2-4 Discussion CHAPTER-3 METHODOLOGY 3-1Research Methodology3-2Research Approach 3-3 Event study methodology3-4Assessment of firm efficiency3-5 Wealth effect3-6 Research Design3-7 Consent Procedures3-8Instrumentation3-9 Procedures 3-10Data Collection and Recording3-11Data Process and Analysis3-11Methodological AssumptionsCHAPTER-4RESULTS / FINDINGS4-1Overview 4-2Effectiveness of M&A jointures by UK companies4-3Expenses on acquisitions overseas by UK4-4Mergers Abroad By UK Companies4-5Mergers in UK by Foreign Companies4-6Mergers in UK by UK CompaniesCHAPTER-5 DECISION 5-1Business Proposal5-2Service ripening Plan5-3Key RecommendationCHAPTER-6 CONCLUSIONSGlossaryBibliography Appendix A. Survey Instruments Appendix B. Statistical Tabulations of Su rvey DataAppendix CList of shelves PageTable 1. Title of Table 1Table 2. Title of Table 2 Table 3. Title of Table 3 Table 4. Title of Table 4List of phases Page Figure 1. Title of Figure 1 Figure 2. Title of Figure 2 Figure 3. Title of Figure 3 Figure 4. Title of Figure 4Abstract/ Executive SummaryMerger and acquisitions is essential to enabling for an active Business lives. Does Merger and acquisitions create value for shareholders depends on the causative motivation of the transaction. Perfect market place finance theory demonstrates that the risks of both earthly concern companies and their stockholders are well diversified since any single company is alleged by a large group of shareholders and every shareholder grips a market portfolio in the...Teacher and staffs of the Department are extremely helpful. Devoid of their assistance this study could not have reached its ultimate conclusion.National Statistics, Drummond Gate, London and other divisions National Statistics unde r the State Government cooperated entirely to collect data for this study. State employees helped with their openness, dedication and unprejudiced desire to serve.All the optimistic attributes of this dissertation have driven from those mentioned above. The conclusions or any other errors, omissions and mistakes within this dissertation are attributable just to the author.Merger and acquisitions is essential to enabling for an active Business lives. Does Merger and acquisitions create value for shareholders depends on the causal motivation of the transaction. Perfect market finance theory demonstrates that the risks of both public companies and their stockholders are well diversified since any single company is alleged by a large group of shareholders and every shareholder grips a market portfolio in the economy. Proviso the value of a firm is resolute by its future cash flows shareholders would be apathetic to receiving cash flows from two separate firms past from a merged firm.O ur present dissertation Does Merger and acquisitions create value aimed to investigate the implications of implementing Merger and acquisitions and draw conclusions, which will support the development

Status of Women in Islam Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Status of Women in Islam - Essay ExampleIn India the widow was consigned to flames at the funeral pyre of her dead husband.The religious faiths given to asceticism regarded her as the source of sin, the door leading to transgression and contact with her was considered an impediment in spiritual development and salvation. In most civilizations of the world she enjoyed no place in society. 1 She was contemptible and despised in their estimate. She had no social and political rights. She could not exercise her own unload will in any financial deal. She was low the tutelage of her father, later under the oppressive rule of the tyrant of a husband and lastly under the patronizing care of the male offspring. She was not permitted by long standing conventions to challenge their authority and she had no course of justice to appeal to by stylus of escape from tyranny and excesses--not even a breath of complaint.Undoubtedly she has at times been in the seat of authority in just about part s of the world. And it is in like manner on record in the world history that empires and governments have danced to her tune, even tantrums, and it has been a common occurrence that she has had ascendancy in familial, tribal and monarchial activities. In some uncivilized tribes she had enjoyed superiority and rule and there are remnants of it still to be seen. 2 Yet as female of the human species, there was little change in her status and she suffered in silence with the course of history and remained deprived of her due rights as usual.Role of Women in ReligionMuslims seek guidance from Allah through His book, the Quran, and His messenger Mohammed. Muslims believe that the word of Allah is supreme and takes precedence over all traditions cultures. Muslim women were expected to participate in the prayer sessions as the Mosque along with that of the men. not only were women granted equality like the men, the women were given the same spiritual status as men.Whoever works righteousn ess, man or woman, and has Faith, Verily, to him will We give novel Life, and life that is good and pure, and We will bestow on such their reward according to the best of their actions. (Koran, Sura 16, Verse 97) 3.As the Islamic state and worship expanded, interpretations of the gender roles laid out in the Quran varied with different cultures. 4 In modern contemporary times, some Muslim women, as well as men, have rejected the limitations put on them and have begun to re-interpret the Quran. I shall not lose sight of the labor of any of you who labors in My way, be it man or woman each of you is equal to the other (3195) 5Spiritual equality, responsibility and accountability for both men and women is a well developed theme in the Quran. accord the spiritual equality of women in Islam is to understand that equality between men and women in the sight of God is not limited to purely spiritual, religious issues, merely is the basis for equality in all temporal aspects of human li fe. 6Independence and Freedom of ChoiceAs for what Muslim feminists argue women should wear to conform to Islamic ideals unlike Islamists, who maintain that the hijab stands as the very symbol of Muslim piety the most important element for Muslim feminists appears to be the element of freedom of filling in interpreting the Islamic dress code. Mai

Book Questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Book Questions - Essay ExampleThey started decoding coded telegraphs, dicing-out captured documents and intercepted mails, and endlessly interrogated their prisoners. The role of intelligence was very alert in the outcome of critical battles. In the absence of the advanced equipment that we get under ones skin today such as satellite radios, tracking devices and spy cameras, both sides were adequate to fairly execute their national-level military intelligence service though neither government had any formal training. General Washingtons agents came in different shapes and sizes of men and women. some of these agents will never be suspected because they were considered to be bandits or outlaws by their neighbors. General Washington done a great job in finding people with best talents in military deception and counterintelligence. Most of all, each was dedicated to the General and the Independence of their country. Espionage ruled over the revolution and without it, the war could have ended in a different way (History of American Intelligence, 2007).The Pueblo revolt can be described as a sudden eruption of a volcano. The underlying causes of the revolt was attributed to their inborn hatred of the Spanish, the love of Pueblos to their ancient way of life, and due to their denigration and prohibition of the traditional religion. The pain-stricken Pueblo natives turned back to their old gods because they were unsatiated with the protective powers of the the god and church that the Spanish imposed to them. Conflict between the Spanish government and the Franciscans began when the governor issued an order which allowed the native religious rituals. The Franciscans called them devil worshipers and fumed, railed and burned-out not just Pueblo religious items but the people as well. Peace and harmony were completely vanished. It was a loop of Indians getting hurt, then they would tell the Spanish government that in turn favored them. From the 1660s up to the 1670 s, the Pueblo people went through

Michelangelo Buonarroti Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Michelangelo Buonarroti - Research Paper Examplev-vi). During this period, there was a regenerate interest in the symbolism and skill represented in the achievements of the ancient world the Greeks and early Romans whose ruins still dotted the local landscape. People who lived and worked around these ruins byword them as evidence of a lost golden age of shared culture, reason and creativity. They viewed the frescoes and mosaics as evidence of a society much better dour than they were and began working to bring it about in their own world as trade centers began to grow and wealth became more widely available. By the late 1400s, a great deal of artistic practice had grown and the arts had begun to flourish. This was the time of the great masters - Giotto, Da Vinci, Michelangelo. A study of any of these artists reveals the energy and creativity of the age. Because of his position essentially at the height of the Renaissance period, Michelangelo Bounarroti is a logical choice for thi s type of investigation. His life and his times helps to explain some of the great esthesia he had in undertaking his many works of art, including photo, sculpture and architecture, reflecting in each the nature of the creative process that was sweeping through Italy at the time. wiz of the key characteristics of the Renaissance period was the greater number of educated people with m superstary. Artists in towns like Florence quickly linked the mathematical knowledge of the ancient Greeks and Romans as expressed in their art and architecture to the proportional focus of their own world and realized how this could make their art more representational. These mathematics were a system of shared knowledge between the artists and the businessmen who paid them. In an age of non-standard shipping units, one had to be able to calculate contents and quantities of shipments fairly cursorily (Lemaitre & Lessing, 1993, p. 15). Painters used this foundational knowledge of geometry to depict everyday elements in their paintings that helped to convey their deeper intentions to the greatest possible audience. In the same way that a painter could reduce the humane form or settings to a play of geometrical figures, so could the merchant simplify all things to geometrical configurations (Lemaitre & Lessing, 1993, p. 15). The melding of mathematics with artistic expression enabled artists to give their figures an film of weight and volume that presented a more three dimensional appearance. This new ability to create realism within the flat surface of a painting and other forms of expression led artists to continue investigating other ways in which the world was revealed through the senses. This, in turn, contri justed to an even greater explosion of thought, objective and implementation that would eventually change the world. Michelangelo Buonarroti of Florence was actually born closer to the coast in the town of Caprese in the year 1475. His father was the governor of the town when Michelangelo was born, but he lost this position soon afterward and the family had to move back to Florence. His mother was a frail woman so Michelangelo was given to a awry(p) nurse to care for him. This wet nurse was the daughter and wife of nearby stonecutters, giving the infant child his first taste of stone cutting tools which would one day make him famous.

The Greenhouse Effect Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Greenhouse Effect - Essay ExampleMost scientists worldwide accept the sufficient evidence that suggests global warming is already strong underway and cannot be reversed anytime soon. They and reasonable people of all backgrounds and nationalities agree that if carbonic acid gas emissions are not greatly reduced and soon, the resulting nursery effect get out alter the climate and possibly the sustainability of humankind. Essentially, the greenhouse effect functions in the following manner. When sunlight pierces the atmosphere and hits the earths surface, not all of the suns solar energy is absorbed. Approximately a third of it is reflected back into space. Specific atmospheric gases serve in much the same way as does the furnish of a greenhouse, thus the terminology. These gases allow sunlight to penetrate then trap some of the solar energy which heats the earth (Breuer, 1980). It is a delicate balance and because these greenhouse gases have been artificially augmented by man-m ade sources, more build up in the atmosphere has occurred thus trapping more of the suns energy and reflecting less back in to space. This occurrence is causing the earth to warm. If the balance between the CO2 levels in the ocean and atmosphere is disturbed by interjecting increasing gets of CO2, the oceans would continually absorb higher concentrations than it does naturally. The subsequent warming ocean waters are less effective in their ability to absorb CO2 and when the oceans can no longer keep pace with the intrusion of this naturally equalized cycle, then more CO2 will remain in the atmosphere. Increasing the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere is expected to result in a warming of the Earths surface accelerating the greenhouse effect.

Leadership in organizations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Leadership in organizations - Essay ExampleSecondly, it provides an insight into their leading approach towards individuals and teams. Thirdly, aspects of effective and strategic leadershiphip for change as well as team development and management remain considered in analyzing the companys leadership style of the two managers. Lastly, a personal judgment on the management styles and recommendations of this case study group would be incorporated in the report. Report on the Leadership Style of nap West Company Introduction Leadership styles include autocratic, bureaucratic, laissez-faire and democratic. Democratic leaders believe that staffs can be led sequence autocratic leaders believe in pushing staffs. Autocratic, democratic and laissez-faire leaders exercise low, moderate and high delegation respectively whereas bureaucratic leaders believe in equal delegation for all staffs. Autocratic leader makes decisions and declares them or sells decisions whereas laissez-faire leaders define limits and ask staffs to make decisions or permit staffs to function inside defined limits. Additionally, democratic leaders may present ideas and invite questions, present tentative decisions subject to change or could as well present problems to staffs to mystify suggestions and thereby make decisions. However, bureaucratic leaders apply any style in decision making depending on the staffs and the present situation. Evelyn demonstrates democratic leadership while James demonstrates autocratic leadership. Analysis and evaluation of the both leadership styles For several years, Mountain West employed various aspects in the operations of the call reduce that gave the company a competitive edge over and above their direct competitors in the industry. Under the management of Evelyn, she ensured the allocation of regular breaks to the staffs of the division. As well, various didactics opportunities and trainings remained available to the staffs in facilitating an up to date a cquisition of knowledge regarding customer serve well techniques, different products and problem solving skills. Moreover, Evelyn having taken into account her vast look at the department and the pressure related to the work made provisions for flexible working schedules for the call centre staffs. Furthermore, the team at the customer service department incorporated their operations to integrate customers needs. This encouraged staffs to take adequate time in understanding and resolving customers problems. This would also be attributed to the ability of Evelyn to boost organizational needs in their activities at the department as they felt part of the company irrespective of their low pay (Lussier & Achua 2009, pp. 404-407). By contrast, a offspring manager becomes employed following Evelyns retirement to manage the customer service department. The senior management perceives the appointment of James to the reduced and controlled be of the department. With the expectation of attaining the mark, James increased the number of calls per hour for each staff as well as cutting back on the number of training the department received. Under James management, performance would be measured in terms of efficient scheduling though not reflecting flexibility and speed. In the face of these changes, the costs of the depa

Data mining Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

selective information mining - Essay Examplet generally apply every application mustiness deliver benefits to the users users must feel comfortable with the way in which the system manipulates and presents information. Data mining is based on statistical analysis and modeling techniques,Data mining becomes a strategic weapon of organizations because it increases significantly the volume of information that can be stored and the ease with which it can be updated. This enables new services to be provided in a way that was not economically feasible before. The three main steps in data mining are discovering, predicting modeling and forensic analysis. Discovery is the process of looking in a database to find hidden patterns without a predetermined idea or hypothesis about what the patterns may be (Pushpa 2007, p.1). Discovery consists of three subcategories conditional logic, affinities and associations, trends and associations. In predictive modeling patterns discovered from the datab ase are used to predict the future. (Pushpa 2007, p. 2). Predicting modeling involves outcomes prediction and forecasting. Most of the data mining applications used by an organization consist of simply taking information in one form, performing some very simple transformations to that information (rarely more(prenominal) than aggregation and the usual arithmetical operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication and division) and then presenting the processed information in another form. Thus, forensic analysis allows both deviation undercover work and link analysis. It is defined as the process of applying the extracted patterns to find anomalous or unusual data elements (Pushpa 2007, p.2).The underlying architecture of data warehousing that an organization call for to best perform these tasks is obvious. There must be some form of flexible, central data store containing all the information and data that are freeing to be manipulated, fed by a variety of information-gatherin g processes. The main data mining techniques are

Planning A Vacation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Planning A Vacation - Essay ExampleAlthough nobody has large time to plan for a vacation it could be easy if you follow these simple steps.When you first begin planning your vacation endure a cusp and keep all your vacation plans in one place. This booklet will have all the brochures from the sites you plan to visit. It will have information on air lane flights and hotels. Make reservations and keep a detailed account in this folder of everyone you talk to. Get information from local restaurants and make a list of the ones you compliments to visit. With all the information in one place, you can then make a daily itinerary of your planned events. By looking through the folder at your lei authentic, ideas will bubble forth and in no time you will have a full schedule for your vacation plans.With the schedule in hand, its time to pack. Pack a carry-on that is small enough to stay with you at all times. Include the necessary items that you must have in the event that you get separa ted from your other luggage for a day. If you need to take medication, be sure this is with you at all times and not in the checked baggage. Be sure to pack for the climate and the outings you have planned. Let the children pack their own bag with their own special take-alongs. This may include CDs, games, or magazines. Make sure that it is small enough to carry on the plane. Planning makes packing a breeze.T

Design and Technology Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Design and Technology - Lab Report ExampleLastly, DFA index is very critical assembly efficiency indicator of the component function.This value is in a flash proportional to the design efficiency. Pneumatic speculator design improvement is shown in figure 3 where assembly efficiency was used.Figure 1 above shows the pneumatic piston original design.Furthermore, the attached worksheet corresponds to the subassembly and it is observed that the design efficiency is 29 share( figure 2). The applied DFA method might be extended to a high-speed zombie and automatic assembly. It has been found to be very critical majorly in situation redesigning whereby the operational times detailed knowledge is well known or it could be reckon for the given product(Pugh 1991).In addition to this DFA technique explored in detail, other techniques of assembly evaluation do exist and include Lucas and AEM DFA methods.SummaryIn summary, assembly efficiency is considered to be a very critical measure or index in the DFA technique. It can be employed in the evaluation of product assembly and it determines whether the design can facilitate the assembly of the product with the aim of providing a foundation for the effective improvement of the designFigure 2 show s the redesigned pneumatic piston and it is with the worksheet that corresponds to the subassembly. When the worksheet of the original design and new design are compared, it is evident that in the new design, the assembly efficiency increased by 90 percent where the original design had 27 percent, assembly efficiency.

MCH Frameworks Paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

MCH Frameworks - Research Paper ExampleThe effective being the operative terms that are not enforceable (Battin, Francis, & Smith, 2009).This paper describes children communicable diseases with respect to Life Course Theory, Maternal and Child Health Pyramid of Health Sciences and Health Impact Pyramid.Communicable diseases, especially those that are mostly contagious, take on social significance because their ability to spread often depends on social interactions. Their ethical significance is, therefore, intimately related to the extent, quality, care, and temper with which there is a need to attend to those social interactions among the children.Mostly, children who fell sick always can create challenges and many problems in setting of groups. These setting up of groups can be done in schools. Therefore, children always are demanding a lot of attention from the teachers or nannies who take care of them and those who cannot fully participate in educational activities as well as g roup. The worst is that children with a communicable disease can spread the illness to other kids. As a result, it is main(prenominal) to the day care providers and educators to control the spreading of communicable diseases by effective, safe, and practical efforts. This is because those who are affected most are school going children since they interact indiscriminately. reckon of communicable diseases in day care and school settings is of utmost significance. Provision of safe, healthy environment and comfortable enhance the process of education, facilitates social development and alter kids to acquire healthy attitudes toward organized settings (Pies, Parthasarathy& Kotelchuck, 2009).The Health Impact Pyramid is a graph representation of tiers of influence that might have resulted from public health interventions. work down the pyramid from its top, the first level of the pyramid includes counseling and education

Course reflection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Course reflection - Essay ExampleImportant lesson learned hither is that if one lives in the West, he should understand the horse opera culture very well especially the real civilization. In order to understand the entire heathen practices well, one should make an effort of attending musical classes, make a good relationship with the Hesperian scientists, and learn the philosophy well. For those who live in the united States, they have a clear knowledge about the society, and the kind of work people do there. High Points of the Course Defining Western Civilization Western Civilization is a combination various cultural practices, government systems, religions, values, heritages, and customs. It defines elements like, philosophy, spiritual believes, and cultural practices of western people. According to Metropolitan Museum of Arts, Western Civilization is all practices of western and central Europeans, which include North, and South America, and Australia. All this contributed to g rowth of overall globalization. Western Civilization evolved over the centuries. Although nurture of Western Civilization did not occur during the conviction of Mesopotamians and Egyptians, their way of writing and incompatible roles concerning gender was what Western Civilization became. ... When writing about past way outs or history of something, one should quote the exact dates when that event occurred. For Example, the European World War II started on September 1, 1939 and lasted until May 7, 1945. The use of dates is to put occurrence of events in the right order to know the development of events over a certain period. This dating of events also varies with historians. This is because some of the Western people use the Western calendar while others use the Hebrews calendar, which is extremely different from the western calendar. The first year of the Hebrews calendar is equivalent to year 3760 of the Western calendar. The most enjoyable part of the turn tail The most enjo yable part of the course was the history of marriage in Western Civilization. The Romans, Hebrews, and Germanic people practiced they own marriage cultures. Marriage was an economical arrangement meaning that those getting get married had no room to engage themselves in romantic love. In many of Western History, marriage was a matter involving only the husband and wife, but it was a concern of the two families, which brought them together. Parents were the ones to make choices of the men to marry their daughters. The married women usually had limited rights in the family than the husbands who were the head of the family. The women were to be the sub servants of their husbands. Surprisingly, granting someone divorce was comfy because men had an advantage of marrying as many wives as they want. Marriage in Medieval Europe Introduction of Christianity in Europe brought a fabulous switch over in Europeans culture of marriage, although this change took long to take its roots. Although Roman law affected Christianity, it

Rabindranath Tagore Story & Poem Essay Example for Free

Rabindranath Tagore Story Poem EssayA Nandalal Bose illustration for The Hero, part of the 1913 Macmillan release of The Crescent MoonThe Sadhana period, 18911895, was among Tagores most fecund, gentle more than half the stories contained in the three-volume Galpaguchchha, itself a group of eighty-four stories. 18 They reflect upon Tagores surroundings, on modern and fashionable ideas, and on mind puzzles. Tagore associated his earliest stories, such as those of the Sadhana period, with an exuberance of vitality and spontaneity these traits were cultivated by zamindar Tagores life in villages such as Patisar, Shajadpur, and Shilaida. Seeing the common and the poor, he examined their lives with a reason and feeling singular in Indian literature up to that point. 79 In The Fruitseller from Kabul, Tagore speaks in first person as a town-dweller and novelist who chances upon the Afghani seller. He convey the longing of those trapped in mundane, hardscrabble Indian urban life, giv ing play to dreams of a different existence in the distant and wild mountains in that location were autumn mornings, the time of year when kings of old went forth to conquest and I, never stirring from my little corner in Calcutta, would let my mind wander all over the whole world.At the very name of an early(a) country, my heart would go out to it I would fall to weaving a network of dreams the mountains, the glens, the forest . . 80 umteen of the other Galpaguchchha stories were written in Tagores Sabuj Patra period (19141917 also named for one of Tagores magazines). 18 A 1913 illustration by Asit Kumar Haldar for The Beginning, a prose-poem in The Crescent MoonTagores Golpoguchchho (Bunch of Stories) remains among Bengali literatures most popular fictional works, providing subject matter for many successful films and theatrical plays.Satyajit Rays film Charulata was based upon Tagores controversial novella, Nastanirh (The Broken Nest). In Atithi (also made into a film), the y oung Brahmin boy Tarapada shares a boat ride with a village zamindar. The boy reveals that he has run away from home, only to wander about ever since. Taking pity, the zamindar adopts him and ultimately arranges his marriage to the zamindars own daughter. However, the night before the wedding, Tarapada runs offagain.Strir Patra (The Letter from the Wife) is among Bengali literatures earliest depictions of the bold emancipation of women. The heroine Mrinal, the wife of a typical patriarchical Bengali middle class man, writes a letter while she is travelling (which constitutes the whole story). It details the pettiness of her life and struggles she finally declares that she will not return to her husbands home with the statement Amio bachbo. Ei bachlum And I shall live. Here, I live.Haimanti assails Hindu marriage and the dismal lifelessness of married Bengali women, hypocrisies plaguing the Indian middle classes, and how Haimanti, a raw young woman, mustdue to her sensitiveness and free spiritsacrifice her life. In the last passage, Tagore directly attacks the Hindu custom of glorifying Sitas attempted self-immolation as a means of appeasing her husband Ramas doubts. Musalmani Didi examines Hindu-Muslim tensions and, in many ways, embodies the essence of Tagores humanism.Darpaharan exhibits Tagores self-consciousness, describing a fey young man harboring literary ambitions. Though he loves his wife, he wishes to croak her own literary career, deeming it unfeminine. Tagore himself, in his youth, seems to have harbored similar ideas about women. Darpaharan depicts the final humbling of the man as he acknowledges his wifes talents. As do many other Tagore stories, Jibito o Mrito equips Bengalis with a ubiquitous epigram Kadombini moriya proman korilo she more naiKadombini died, thereby proving that she hadnt.

Parasitology (Helminthology) Essay Example for Free

Parasitology (Helminthology) EssayLoa loa is a filarial para lay transmitted by tabanid female flies of the genus Chrysops (C silacea and C dimidiate). The incidence of infection within endemic region of the central and west African rain forest is senior utmost school with 20-40% of the population being microfilaraemic , and about double as many habouring cock-a-hoop worms without showing patent microfilaraemia (Dupont et al.,2007). The adult worms actively emigrate through subcutaneous tissues at rates of up to 1cm/ min. Female Loa loa peaks 50- 70mm in length and 0. 5mm in diameter, while the males measures 30 -35mm in length and 0.4mm in diameter. The microfilariae forms, measures 290-300m by 6-8m in size. During infection the microfilariae forms atomic number 18 released into the blood stream, where they run short numerous between 10a m and 2pm(diurnal periodicity).Moreso, the presence of the sheath and three or more terminal nuclei distinguish the microfilariae of L. l oa from other blood borne microfilariae. ( Strickland, 2000) Transmission is by twenty-four hours biting female tabanid flies, which pick up the microfilaria of L loa during blood meals . The injested microfilariae lose their sheath , penetrate the intestine wall of the tabanid female fly, and migrate to the cellular phones of the fat carcass , where they molt twice . The infective filariform larvae (L3) excogitate in 10 to 12 days and moves to the proboscis. When new legion is biting by the female tabanid fly, the infective filariform larvae are injected and break away into adult worms over the course of 6- 12months .( John and Wayne, 2005) L loa infection ( Loiasis) is quite broad , ranging from asymptomatic infection to life threatening complication, which includes meningoencephalitis ,renal failure and endomyocardial fibrosis. thusly , L loa infection often induces a mild to moderate pathology with patients presenting with pruritis, localized angioedema (Calabar swelling), arthralgia or ocular problems caused by conjunctival migration of adult worms. Also, fibrotic or inflammatory reactions or so adult worm may cause hydrocele or intestinal blockage. (Strickland, 2000) The level of microfilariaemia is a critical parameter in the transmission of disease(Piessens and Partono ,2007). Immunity may be seen as a control measure of microfilariaemia, killing of adult worm or a resistance to infection that operates against the infective L3 stage. However, studies of the host immune repartee mechanisms implicated in the control of microfilaraemia , in the amicrofilaraemic ( Mf- ) singular commence shown evidence of antibody- dependent cell cytotoxicity, not only for Loa loa infection, save also for other filariasis.Thus, the travel anti- sheath antibodies is present in sera of amicrofilaraemic (Mf- ) Loa loa septic individual and absent in heavily infected (Mf+)microfilaraemic individual ( Pinder et al ., 1990) Many studies on molecular biology, concern ing cellular immune solvents induced by filariae infections and their implication in protection and control of microfilaraemia have been carried out. Although , no studies have been published on the cellular response of Loa loa , but a greater cellular reactivity have been describe in non endemic individual,who are amicrofilaraemic(Mf) , in comparison with endemic individual who are microfilaraemic (Mf+) infected with Loa loa(ref).Thus , the T -cell cellular response plays an important eccentric in mediating immunity and study manipulation for antibody dependent cellular cytotoxic mechanisms in destroying parasites. (Couissinier and Dessein, 1995) The purpose of this term paper aims at looking at the role of pathology , mediated by cellular immune response in an Loa loa infected individuals.Source (www.cdc.gov) visualise 02/19/2011 Figure 1. Diagrammatic LIFE CYCLE OF Loa loaDuring a blood meal, an infected fly (genus Chrysops, day-biting flies) introduces third-stage filari al larvae onto the skin of the human host, where they penetrate into the bite wound. The larvae develop into adults that normally reside in subcutaneous tissue. The female worms measure 50 to 70 mm in length and 0.5 mm in diameter, while the males measure 30 to 35 mm in length and 0.4 mm in diameter. Adults produce microfilariae measuring 250 to 300 m by 6 to 8 m, which are sheathed and have diurnal periodicity.Microfilariae are normally recovered from spinal fluids, urine, and sputum. During the day they are assemble in peripheral blood, but during the non- circulation phase, they are imbed in the lungs. The tabanid fly ingests microfilariae during a blood meal. After ingestion, the microfilariae lose their sheaths and migrate from the flys midgut through the hemocoel to the thoracic muscles of the arthropod. There the microfilariae develop into first-stage larvae (L1) and subsequently into third-stage infective larvae (L3). The third-stage infective larvae migrate to the fly pr oboscis and can infect another human when the fly takes a blood meal.PATHOLOGY of Loa loa Clinical manifestations are variable and are more important in visitors to an endemic region than in indigenous people. Severity ranges from a mild nuisance as the occasional worm passes beneath the conjunctiva of the eye to pregnant CNS invasion and coma in people with a high microfilaremia. (Strickland, 2000) The most common and characteristic findings in loiasis are Calabar swellings, which are focal regions of angioedema, usually located in the extremities. These erythematous swellings occur suddenly, range in size from 5 to 15 cm, and resolve gradually over hours to days. The cause is unknown, but they may represent an immune response to antigenic material at a region where the worm has migrated. Calabar swellings generally occur at only whiz site at a time and may recur sporadically for years, even after a person has left an endemic region.Interestingly, they are more common in visitor s to an endemic region than in the local inhabitants. Fatigue and arthralgias also are not uncommon. ( Strickland ,2000) Subconjunctival migration of the adult worm, which is the eye worm, is generally accompanied by flying swelling of the eye lid and intense conjunctivitis. Although most episode resolve spontaneously and completely, however rare cases of retinal artery occlusion and macular retinopathy due to deviant migration of the adult worm have reported (Ralph and Eagle(Jr), 2010). The most serious complication of Loa loa infection is meningoencephalitis, which is associated with the central nervous system CNS and occurs predominantly in patients with high numbers of circulating microfilariae. The severity of CNS involvement ranges from mild headache, meningismus coma and death. More so, the microfilariae are found in the cerebrospinal fluid, and in fatal cases, degenerating microfilariae top to necrotic granulomas in the brain. ( Oyerinde , 1999)Another serious complication associated Loa loa infection, is membranous glomerulonephritis. It occurs in patients with hematuria and proteinuria, which may be due to immune complex. Also, Loiasis may be one cause of tropical pulmonary eosinophilia. Lymphadenopathy and lymphadenitis are also features of loiasis , but are less prevalent than in other filarial infection. Thus , when Loa loa microfilariae are found within lymph nodes , they may be intravascular or within adjacent microabscesses, they also wander throughout the body and have been reported seen in sleep , lung , gut and CNS.(Oyerinde , 1999) Loiasis have also been implicated in the etiology of some cases of endomyocardial fibrosis in equatorial Africa based on the higher prevalence of endomyocardial fibrosis in Loa endemic areas than in other regions in Africa and higher level of antibodies detected in some individuals and also higher levels of antifilarial antibodies is reported to have been detected in some individual with endomyocardial fibrosi s. (Oyerinde, 1999)(Source. Marty and Anderson, 1995) Figure 2. Adult nematodes migrating beneath the conjunctiva of the human eye. .IMMUNE RESPONSE AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF Loa loa Immunity may be seen as control of microfilaraemia, killing of adult worm or a resistance to infection that operates against the infective L3 stage. Like the other microfilarial nematode , Loa loa is able to survive in it host by modulating the host immune response .However, studies of the host immune mechanism implicated in the control of microfilaraemia in the amicrofilaraemic individuals have shown evidence of antibody -dependent cellular cytotoxicity in Loa loa infection.( Baize et al.,1997 ). Circulating anti sheath antibodies have been reported to be present in the sera of amicrofilaraemic (Mf-) individual and absent in the sera of microfilaraemic positive individual (Mf+).This antibodies are effective in mediating complement-dependent leukocyte in adherence to micofilariae.( Baize et al., 1997) Ma ny studies on molecular biology, concerning cellular immune responses induced by filariae infections and their implication in protection and control of microfilaraemia have been carried out. Although , no studies have been published on the cellular response of Loa loa , but a greater cellular reactivity have been reported in non endemic individual,who are amicrofilaraemic(Mf-) , in comparison with endemic individual who are microfilaraemic (Mf+) infected with Loa loa. Thus , the T -cell cellular response plays an important role in mediating immunity and major role for antibody dependent cellular cytotoxic mechanisms in destroying parasites.( Maizels et al,2008).Recently, attention is been paid to the involvement of T helper (Th) subset in antifilarial response. The T cell response plays an important role in mediating immunity and a major role for antibody dependent cellular cytotoxic mechanisms in damaging parasites. Moreover , many studies have compared the proliferation and cyto kine profile of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from microfilaraemic (MF+)individual and amicrofilaraemic individual(Mf -) infected with Loa loa in response to antigens of several parasitic stage. Thus , a stronger lymphoproliferative response and consistent levels of both Th1 ( IL-2 interleukin- 2,IFN- interferon gamma) and Th2 (IL -4,IL-5) type cytokine are reported to be observed in response to adult worm and microfilariae antigen in amicrofilaraemic (Mf-) patient, while the microfilariae positive(Mf+) patient is characterized by unresponsiveness of T cell to proliferation and production of cytokine .( Baize et al., 1997)The unresponsiveness of T cell in microfilariae positive individual (Mf+) is reportedly associated with the IL-10 cytokines ,which down regulate the function of both the Th-1 and Th-2 cells by inhibiting the proliferation and production of IFN- , IL-4 and IL-5. Moreover, a significant high production of IL-10 by amicrofilaraemic (Mf-) individual, compa red with microfilariae positive (MF+) individual and similar expression of IL-10 mRNA support the guess that IL-10 alone is not responsible for the unresponsiveness of the T cell in Mf+.( Karita et al.,2010) Furthermore ,the adult female worm and the infective larva L3 elicit Th2 responses , with high IL 4 production and appearance of IgG1 and IgE antibodies ,whereas exposure only to microfilariae elicits Th1 responses , characterized by high initial IFN- production and IgGa antibody. However, chronic exposure to microfilariae can lead to Th2 responsesCONCLUSION.The pathology of filariasis is immune- mediated, in which the host immune response plays a major role in protecting and controlling infection in individuals. 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